以内华达试验场沉降物产生的伽马射线剂量的热释光测量：使用建筑砖块作为天然剂量计

Thermoluminescence measurements of gamma-ray doses attributable to fallout from the Nevada test site using building bricks as natural dosimeters.

作者信息

Haskell E H, Bailiff I K, Kenner G H, Kaipa P L, Wrenn M E

机构信息

Division of Radiobiology, College of Medicine, University of UT, Salt Lake City 84112.

出版信息

Health Phys. 1994 Apr;66(4):380-91. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199404000-00002.

DOI:10.1097/00004032-199404000-00002

PMID:8138403

Abstract

During the 1950's, the U.S. Government conducted an intensive atmospheric nuclear testing program in Nevada. Fallout from these atmospheric tests was measured throughout the U.S. with some of the heaviest concentrations to populated areas falling east of the test site in Washington County, UT. External exposures from 6.5 x 10(-4) C kg-1 to 26 x 10(-4) C kg-1 (2.5-5.0 R) were reported for this region. This study provides an independent measurement of fallout radiation doses to selected communities in Utah using a thermoluminescence technique originally developed for the dating of ancient pottery. The application of the predose thermoluminescence technique to fallout dosimetry is described. A mean dose of 38 +/- 15 mGy (4.4 +/- 1.7 R), attributed to fallout radiation, was measured in quartz grains extracted from the outer centimeter of bricks removed from six communities in Washington and Kane Counties in Utah.

摘要

20世纪50年代，美国政府在内华达州开展了一项密集的大气核试验项目。美国各地都对这些大气试验产生的沉降物进行了测量，其中犹他州华盛顿县试验场以东人口密集地区的沉降物浓度最高。据报道，该地区的外部暴露剂量为6.5×10⁻⁴C kg⁻¹至26×10⁻⁴C kg⁻¹（2.5 - 5.0伦琴）。本研究使用最初为古代陶器年代测定而开发的热释光技术，对犹他州选定社区的沉降物辐射剂量进行了独立测量。描述了预剂量热释光技术在沉降物剂量测定中的应用。从犹他州华盛顿县和凯恩县六个社区拆除的砖块外层一厘米处提取的石英颗粒中，测得归因于沉降物辐射的平均剂量为38±15毫戈瑞（4.4±1.7伦琴）。