Poulet F M, Wolfe M J, Spitsbergen J M
Department of Avian and Aquatic Animal Medicine, Cornell University, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca.
Vet Pathol. 1994 Jan;31(1):8-18. doi: 10.1177/030098589403100102.
Ninety-four brown bullheads (Ictalurus nebulosus) with spontaneous orocutaneous neoplasms (papillomas and carcinomas) were studied grossly and by light microscopy. Of these 94 fish, 71 were selected from 505 fish examined macroscopically during field surveys and 23 were selected from those submitted for diagnostic study. Fish with neoplasms came from 17 locations throughout New York State: Buffalo River, Canaan Lake, Cazenovia Lake, Delta Lake, Fort Pond, Greenwood Lake, Hudson River, Lake George, Lake Tiorati, Lincoln Hall Pond. Lincoln Pond, Oneida Lake, Onondaga Lake, Rutland Pond, Salmon River, Silver Stream Reservoir and Swan Lake. The prevalence varied from 0 to 100%. Multiple neoplasms were more common (84/94, 89%) than solitary ones (10/94, 11%). In order of decreasing frequency, neoplasms arose on the head, especially the ventral aspect, the lower dental plate, the upper dental plate, the trunk, the barbels, the fins, the tongue, and the tail. Of the 38/94 brown bullheads (40%) with tumors in both upper and lower lips and dental plates, 24/38 (63%) had the tumors in opposition. Macroscopically, soft, pink or yellowish papillary masses protruded above the normal epithelial surfaces. Histologically, cutaneous and oral neoplasms originated from the morphologically similar Malpighian epithelial cells of the surface epithelia and from the outer cells of the enamel organ. Based on histopathologic criteria, cutaneous and oral neoplasms were considered the same disease in different anatomic locations. No apparent difference in biologic behavior was noted between cutaneous and oral neoplasms. The lesions apparently progressed from benign papilloma to locally invasive carcinoma (28/94, 30%). Neoplastic emboli were seen in one case, and no metastases were detected. There was no statistically significant difference between the susceptibility of males (20/57, 35%) and females (6/26, 23%) to carcinomas. An apparent correlation was noted between a higher frequency of malignant tumors and longer body size (3/13 fish [23%] < 30 cm, 17/54 fish [31%] 30-34 cm, and 7/18 fish [39%] > 34 cm).
对94条患有自发性口皮肤肿瘤（乳头状瘤和癌）的褐首鲶（Ictalurus nebulosus）进行了大体和光学显微镜研究。在这94条鱼中，71条是从野外调查中宏观检查的505条鱼中挑选出来的，23条是从提交进行诊断研究的鱼中挑选出来的。患有肿瘤的鱼来自纽约州的17个地点：布法罗河、迦南湖、卡泽诺维亚湖、德尔塔湖、福特池塘、格林伍德湖、哈得逊河、乔治湖、蒂奥拉蒂湖、林肯厅池塘、林肯池塘、奥奈达湖、奥农达加湖、拉特兰池塘、鲑鱼河、银溪水库和天鹅湖。患病率从0%到100%不等。多发性肿瘤比单发性肿瘤更常见（84/94，89%）（单发性肿瘤为10/94，11%）。按出现频率递减顺序，肿瘤出现在头部，尤其是腹侧、下牙板、上牙板、躯干、触须、鳍、舌头和尾部。在94条上下唇和牙板都有肿瘤的褐首鲶中，38条（40%），其中24条（63%）肿瘤相对。大体上，柔软的粉红色或淡黄色乳头状肿块突出于正常上皮表面之上。组织学上，皮肤和口腔肿瘤起源于表面上皮形态相似的马尔皮基上皮细胞和釉质器的外层细胞。根据组织病理学标准，皮肤和口腔肿瘤被认为是不同解剖部位的同一种疾病。皮肤和口腔肿瘤在生物学行为上没有明显差异。病变显然从良性乳头状瘤发展为局部浸润性癌（28/94，30%）。在一例中发现肿瘤栓子，未检测到转移。雄性（20/57，35%）和雌性（6/26，23%）对癌的易感性之间没有统计学上的显著差异。在较高频率的恶性肿瘤与较长的体长之间存在明显的相关性（13条鱼中3条[23%]<30厘米，54条鱼中17条[31%]30 - 34厘米，18条鱼中7条[39%]>34厘米）。
