Hayes M A, Smith I R, Rushmore T H, Crane T L, Thorn C, Kocal T E, Ferguson H W
Department of Pathology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Sci Total Environ. 1990 May 1;94(1-2):105-23. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(90)90367-4.
Increased prevalences of epidermal and hepatobiliary neoplasms in white suckers (Catostomu commersoni) and brown bullheads (Ictalurus nebulosus) in the Western region of Lake Ontario have been associated with industrial pollution, but the identity and causative role of environmental carcinogens have not yet been established. Most epidermal tumors of lip and body skin are benign focal proliferations that occur in fish from the polluted Hamilton region, and also in fish from less polluted sites in the Great Lakes. These skin tumors in white suckers do not have consistent alterations in cellular glutathione S-transferases (GST), suggesting that growth of skin tumors is not promoted by chemicals normally detoxified by GST. However, elevated levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPO) and glutathione reductase (GR) in skin papillomas are indicative of promotional peroxidative tissue injury, either caused directly by xenobiotics or indirectly by chemical-induced inflammation. Liver tumors in white suckers from Lake Ontario include preneoplastic, benign, and malignant populations of hepatocellular and biliary cells, all of which are more prevalent in fish from polluted sites. These liver tumors are consistently associated with chronic cholangiohepatitis and segmental cholangiofibrosis, but these conditions also occur in white suckers in non-industrial locations. Thus, the natural occurrence of biliary disease, not attributable to industrial pollution, may have some influence on the development of liver tumors. Some preneoplastic lesions and the majority of neoplastic hepatocellular and biliary lesions in white suckers have low levels of total GST, indicating that these liver neoplasms are not promoted by xenobiotics normally detoxified by hepatic GSTs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
安大略湖西部地区的白亚口鱼（Catostomu commersoni）和褐牛头鱼（Ictalurus nebulosus）中表皮和肝胆肿瘤患病率的增加与工业污染有关，但环境致癌物的种类及其致病作用尚未确定。唇部和身体皮肤的大多数表皮肿瘤是良性局灶性增生，见于来自污染严重的汉密尔顿地区的鱼类，也见于五大湖污染较轻地区的鱼类。白亚口鱼的这些皮肤肿瘤在细胞谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）方面没有一致的改变，这表明皮肤肿瘤的生长不是由通常由GST解毒的化学物质促进的。然而，皮肤乳头状瘤中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPO）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）水平升高表明存在促进性过氧化组织损伤，这要么是由外源性物质直接引起的，要么是由化学诱导的炎症间接引起的。安大略湖白亚口鱼的肝脏肿瘤包括肝细胞和胆管细胞的癌前、良性和恶性群体，所有这些在来自污染地区的鱼类中更为普遍。这些肝脏肿瘤始终与慢性胆管肝炎和节段性胆管纤维化相关，但这些情况也发生在非工业地区的白亚口鱼中。因此，并非由工业污染引起的胆道疾病的自然发生可能对肝脏肿瘤的发展有一定影响。白亚口鱼的一些癌前病变以及大多数肿瘤性肝细胞和胆管病变的总GST水平较低，表明这些肝脏肿瘤不是由肝脏GST通常解毒的外源性物质促进的。（摘要截短于250字）
