Léonard A, Bernard A
Unité de Tératogenèse et Mutagenèse, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):127-33. doi: 10.1289/ehp.101-1521157.
Several metals such as arsenic, beryllium, chromium and nickel are carcinogenic to man when they occur in certain well-defined physicochemical forms. The carcinogenic potential of these metals is linked to their mutagenic properties. The determination of the metal or possibly of its metabolites in biological media and the cytogenetic examination of somatic cells are two methods that can currently be used to monitor exposure of populations at risk. Due to the use of inappropriate methodology, the value of the positive cytogenetic results published so far appears questionable. By contrast, the concentrations of metals in blood, urine, or other biological materials can be determined with accurate and precise methods. Although it does not permit a direct assessment of the carcinogenic risk, this approach is currently the most suitable for monitoring exposed populations.
几种金属，如砷、铍、铬和镍，当它们以某些明确的物理化学形式存在时，对人类具有致癌性。这些金属的致癌潜力与其致突变特性有关。测定生物介质中的金属或其可能的代谢产物以及对体细胞进行细胞遗传学检查是目前可用于监测高危人群暴露情况的两种方法。由于使用了不适当的方法，迄今为止公布的阳性细胞遗传学结果的价值似乎值得怀疑。相比之下，血液、尿液或其他生物材料中的金属浓度可以用准确而精确的方法测定。虽然这种方法不能直接评估致癌风险，但目前它是最适合监测暴露人群的方法。
