Goss D A
School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405.
J Am Optom Assoc. 1994 Feb;65(2):117-28.
Methods used to attempt to control childhood myopia progression have included various types of spectacle correction. The most commonly studied technique has been the use of bifocal lenses.
The literature on the effects of bifocals, undercorrection, and part-time wear of spectacles on the rate of myopia progression in children was reviewed.
The data available on undercorrection and part-time wear of spectacles is limited. There have been several studies on the effects of bifocals. Some studies reported no effect with bifocals, some studies reported reduced rates with bifocals, and some noted lower rates with bifocals may be associated with particular ocular or visual findings.
Critical analysis of the literature suggests that when the nearpoint phoria is eso, greater rates of progression occur, and that some degree of myopia control may be established by shifting the phoria into the normal range by spectacle corrections such as bifocals.
用于尝试控制儿童近视进展的方法包括各种类型的眼镜矫正。研究最多的技术是使用双焦点镜片。
回顾了关于双焦点镜片、欠矫以及部分时间佩戴眼镜对儿童近视进展速度影响的文献。
关于眼镜欠矫和部分时间佩戴的现有数据有限。有几项关于双焦点镜片影响的研究。一些研究报告双焦点镜片无效果，一些研究报告双焦点镜片可降低近视进展速度，还有一些指出双焦点镜片导致较低进展速度可能与特定的眼部或视觉表现有关。
对文献的批判性分析表明，当近点隐斜为内隐斜时，近视进展速度更快，并且通过双焦点镜片等眼镜矫正将隐斜转变为正常范围，可能会实现一定程度的近视控制。
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