Goss D A
College of Optometry, Northeastern State University, Tahlequah, Oklahoma.
Optom Vis Sci. 1990 Aug;67(8):631-6. doi: 10.1097/00006324-199008000-00014.
This study was undertaken to examine the relations between the rate of childhood myopia progression and variables available in patient records. Data were obtained from four private optometry practices and two university-based longitudinal studies. Subjects were myopes with a minimum number of refractions between the ages of 6 and 15 years. Spectacle prescription types included single-vision lenses with exact distance correction or slight undercorrection, bifocal lenses, and single-vision lenses with overcorrection. Rates of progression were determined by linear regression. Three analyses were conducted: (1) for all patients, analysis of variance of rate as a function of heterophoria through the habitual nearpoint correction, an index of the amount of myopia at the initial examination age, sex, and clinical location; (2) for patients with esophoria through the distance ametropia correction, analysis of variance of rate as a function of correction type (full correction or slight undercorrection vs. bifocals), amount of myopia at the initial examination age, sex, and location; and (3) for patients with orthophoria or exophoria with ametropia correction, analysis of variance of rate as a function of correction type, amount of myopia at the initial examination age, sex, and location. The index of amount of myopia at the initial examination age was a significant variable, as was location. Patients with nearpoint esophoria through their habitual nearpoint correction had greater rates than patients with nearpoint orthophoria or exophoria with the habitual correction. For patients with nearpoint esophoria through the distance refractive correction, rates were less with bifocals than with full correction or slight undercorrection.
本研究旨在探讨儿童近视进展率与患者病历中可用变量之间的关系。数据来自四家私人验光诊所和两项基于大学的纵向研究。研究对象为6至15岁之间最少有两次验光记录的近视患者。眼镜处方类型包括具有精确远距矫正或轻微欠矫的单光镜片、双焦点镜片以及过矫的单光镜片。进展率通过线性回归确定。进行了三项分析：(1) 对所有患者，分析进展率作为隐斜视函数的方差，通过习惯近点矫正、初始检查年龄时的近视量指标、性别和临床地点；(2) 对通过远距屈光不正矫正有内隐斜视的患者，分析进展率作为矫正类型（全矫或轻微欠矫与双焦点镜片）、初始检查年龄时的近视量、性别和地点的函数的方差；(3) 对有屈光不正矫正的正位视或外隐斜视患者，分析进展率作为矫正类型、初始检查年龄时的近视量、性别和地点的函数的方差。初始检查年龄时的近视量指标是一个显著变量，地点也是。通过习惯近点矫正有近点内隐斜视的患者比通过习惯矫正有近点正位视或外隐斜视的患者进展率更高。对于通过远距屈光矫正有近点内隐斜视的患者，双焦点镜片的进展率低于全矫或轻微欠矫。
