Killewo J, Dahlgren L, Sandström A
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Soc Sci Med. 1994 Jan;38(1):129-34. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)90307-7.
A population-based study on the prevalence of HIV-1 infection in the Kagera region was performed in 1987. The study was based on a multistage cluster sampling technique covering the age-group 15-54 years. The study showed considerable variation of prevalence of HIV-1 infection in the areas studied. A total of 2475 adults were studied and the overall prevalence of HIV-1 infection in the region was 9.6% with a higher prevalence in the urban area (24.2%) compared to that in the rural areas (4.9%). In the present analysis, information on individuals collected during the prevalence study has been used to characterize smaller geographical areas of several villages (wards) and to form the basis for an aggregated analysis of geographical and social patterns relevant to HIV-1 transmission in the studied areas of the region. Kagera region is a heterogeneous society with respect to, for example, religion, ethnic groups and family patterns. There was a moderately strong positive correlation between HIV-1 prevalence and frequent change of sexual partners on the ward level. In Bukoba town the prevalence varied remarkably among the wards, with the lowest prevalence in the ward having the highest social status. In the rural areas, however, the prevalence in the wards decreased considerably with increasing distance from Bukoba town. This aggregated analysis of socio-geographical patterns of HIV-1 transmission characteristics has provided us with information for prioritizing areas of HIV/AIDS intervention in the Kagera community.
1987年在卡盖拉地区开展了一项基于人群的HIV-1感染患病率研究。该研究采用多阶段整群抽样技术，涵盖15至54岁年龄组。研究表明，在所研究的地区，HIV-1感染患病率存在显著差异。共对2475名成年人进行了研究，该地区HIV-1感染的总体患病率为9.6%，其中城市地区的患病率（24.2%）高于农村地区（4.9%）。在本分析中，患病率研究期间收集的个体信息被用于描述几个村庄（行政区）较小地理区域的特征，并为该地区研究区域内与HIV-1传播相关的地理和社会模式的汇总分析奠定基础。卡盖拉地区在宗教、种族和家庭模式等方面是一个多元化的社会。在行政区层面，HIV-1患病率与性伴侣频繁更换之间存在中等强度的正相关。在布科巴镇，各行政区的患病率差异显著，社会地位最高的行政区患病率最低。然而，在农村地区，各行政区的患病率随着与布科巴镇距离的增加而大幅下降。这种对HIV-1传播特征的社会地理模式的汇总分析为我们在卡盖拉社区确定HIV/AIDS干预重点区域提供了信息。
