Rising R, Harper I T, Fontvielle A M, Ferraro R T, Spraul M, Ravussin E
Clinical Diabetes and Nutrition Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85016.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Apr;59(4):800-4. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/59.4.800.
Excessive energy intake and/or reduced total daily energy expenditure (TEE) causes obesity. To determine the relationship between obesity and TEE in an obesity-prone population, we measured TEE, 24-h sedentary energy expenditure (SEDEE), and basal metabolic rate (BMR) in 30 Pima Indian men (83.6 +/- 20.0 kg and 31 +/- 9% fat) by the doubly labeled water method and a respiratory chamber. The energy expenditure for physical activity (EEACT) was calculated as TEE - (BMR + 0.1 TEE), where 10% of TEE is an estimate of the thermic effect of food. Fat-free mass was the best single determinant (P < 0.01) of TEE, explaining 48% of its variance. TEE, SEDEE, BMR, and EEACT were 12,010 +/- 2292, 9945 +/- 1559, 7677 +/- 1901, and 3297 +/- 1732 kJ/d, respectively. Because EEACT is dependent on body weight, EEACT/kg body wt (41.7 +/- 23.2 kJ.d-1.kg-1) and TEE/(BMR + 0.1 TEE) (1.39 +/- 0.22) were used as indexes of the level of physical activity. Both indexes correlated negatively with percent body fat (r = -0.56, P < 0.01 and r = -0.42, P < 0.03, respectively). These results suggest that obesity is associated with lower levels of physical activity.
能量摄入过多和/或每日总能量消耗（TEE）减少会导致肥胖。为了确定易肥胖人群中肥胖与TEE之间的关系，我们通过双标记水法和呼吸室测量了30名皮马印第安男性（体重83.6±20.0千克，体脂率31±9%）的TEE、24小时久坐能量消耗（SEDEE）和基础代谢率（BMR）。身体活动能量消耗（EEACT）的计算方法为TEE - （BMR + 0.1TEE），其中TEE的10%是食物热效应的估计值。去脂体重是TEE的最佳单一决定因素（P < 0.01），解释了其48%的方差。TEE、SEDEE、BMR和EEACT分别为12,010±2292、9945±1559、7677±1901和3297±1732千焦/天。由于EEACT取决于体重，因此EEACT/千克体重（41.7±23.2千焦·天⁻¹·千克⁻¹）和TEE/（BMR + 0.1TEE）（1.39±0.22）被用作身体活动水平的指标。两个指标均与体脂百分比呈负相关（r分别为 -0.56，P < 0.01和r = -0.42，P < 0.03）。这些结果表明，肥胖与较低水平的身体活动有关。
