Konietzka R, Dieter H H
Umweltbundesamt Berlin.
Gesundheitswesen. 1994 Jan;56(1):21-8.
Legally recoverable protection of human health against pollutant effects must have for the enforcement in practice a technically comprehensible toxicological basis, i.e., a coherence or connection between the toxicological and legal definition of a dangerous situation must be found. For this purpose toxicological and socially accepted reference points in the unit "mg of pollutant amount absorbed per kg of weight per day" (mg/[kg of weight x d]) may be used to assess a danger in the sense a sufficient probability a damage to human health exists after exposure to certain pollutant concentrations. Based on the plausible toxicological assumption that above this reference point in case of an undisturbed course of action and by giving consideration to all exposure pathways a threshold of harmlessness including all groups of the population would be exceeded, criteria both for non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic substances or for substances suspected to cause cancer are being developed. These criteria allow to determine from which point the existence of a danger would be assessable as "sufficiently probable", and hence the required coherence between legal and toxicological view to be established.
从法律层面上可实现的对人类健康免受污染物影响的保护，在实际执行中必须有一个技术上易于理解的毒理学基础，也就是说，必须找到毒理学与危险情况的法律定义之间的连贯性或联系。为此，在“每天每千克体重吸收的污染物毫克数”（毫克/[千克体重×天]）这一单位中，毒理学和社会认可的参考点可用于评估危险，即从某种意义上说，在接触某些污染物浓度后，存在对人类健康造成损害的足够可能性。基于合理的毒理学假设，即在这种行动不受干扰的情况下，若超过此参考点，并考虑到所有接触途径，包括所有人群组的无害阈值将会被突破，正在制定非致癌物质和致癌物质或疑似致癌物质的标准。这些标准能够确定从哪一点开始，危险的存在可被评估为“足够可能”，从而建立起法律观点与毒理学观点之间所需的连贯性。
