Fonteyn M E, Grobe S J
University of San Francisco, School of Nursing, CA 94117-1080.
Heart Lung. 1994 Jan-Feb;23(1):80-7.
To obtain information about how highly experienced critical care nurses reason to plan care and make decisions about a critically ill unstable patient, and to determine the usefulness of this information for expert system development.
Descriptive, using think-aloud technique and protocol analysis.
Laboratory.
A simulated patient case whose condition deteriorated over a 12-hour shift. The case depicted an elderly female with congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response.
Protocol analysis revealed the information (data) that subjects used and how they structured that information to plan care and make decisions. Examination of subjects' reasoning processes allowed the investigators to identify "if-then" rules that could be used in expert system design.
The reasoning processes identified would assist in expert system development. An expert system designed to represent experienced critical care nurses' knowledge and reasoning processes would preserve that expertise in a computer system that could then be used to assist less experienced nurses to improve their reasoning skills and strategies.
获取关于经验丰富的重症监护护士如何进行推理以规划护理并对病情不稳定的重症患者做出决策的信息，并确定该信息对专家系统开发的有用性。
采用出声思考技术和协议分析的描述性研究。
实验室。
一个模拟患者案例，其病情在12小时的轮班期间恶化。该案例描述的是一位患有充血性心力衰竭和伴有快速心室反应的心房颤动的老年女性。
协议分析揭示了受试者使用的信息（数据）以及他们如何组织这些信息来规划护理和做出决策。对受试者推理过程的检查使研究人员能够识别可用于专家系统设计的“如果-那么”规则。
所识别的推理过程将有助于专家系统的开发。一个旨在体现经验丰富的重症监护护士的知识和推理过程的专家系统，将把该专业知识保存在一个计算机系统中，然后可用于帮助经验不足的护士提高其推理技能和策略。
