Nelson D E, Giovino G A, Emont S L, Brackbill R, Cameron L L, Peddicord J, Mowery P D
Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30342-3724.
JAMA. 1994 Apr 27;271(16):1273-5.
To determine trends in cigarette smoking prevalence among physicians, registered nurses, and licensed practical nurses since 1974.
Analyses of data on smoking prevalence among persons 20 years of age and older using combined National Health Interview Survey data sets from 1974, 1976, and 1977; 1978, 1979, and 1980; 1983 and 1985; 1987 and 1988; and 1990 and 1991.
Prevalence of cigarette smoking and average annual change in smoking prevalence.
Based on the data for 1990 and 1991, there were an estimated 18,000 physicians, 322,000 registered nurses, and 128,000 licensed practical nurses who smoked cigarettes in the United States. Compared with 1974, 1976, and 1977, by 1990 and 1991 cigarette smoking prevalence had declined from 18.8% to 3.3% among physicians (average annual decline of 1.15 percentage points); from 31.7% to 18.3% among registered nurses (average annual decline of 0.88 percentage point); and from 37.1% to 27.2% among licensed practical nurses (average annual decline of 0.62 percentage point).
Since 1974, cigarette smoking has declined most rapidly among physicians, at an intermediate rate among registered nurses, and at a lower rate among licensed practical nurses. Because of their important roles as exemplars and health educators, persons in these occupations should not smoke.
确定自1974年以来医生、注册护士和执业护士中吸烟流行率的趋势。
利用1974年、1976年和1977年；1978年、1979年和1980年；1983年和1985年；1987年和1988年；以及1990年和1991年的综合国家健康访谈调查数据集，对20岁及以上人群的吸烟流行率数据进行分析。
吸烟流行率及吸烟流行率的年均变化。
根据1990年和1991年的数据，美国估计有18000名医生、322000名注册护士和128000名执业护士吸烟。与1974年、1976年和'77年相比，到1990年和1991年，医生中的吸烟流行率从18.8%降至3.3%（年均下降1.15个百分点）；注册护士中的吸烟流行率从31.7%降至18.3%（年均下降0.88个百分点）；执业护士中的吸烟流行率从37.1%降至27.2%（年均下降0.62个百分点）。
自1974年以来，医生中吸烟率下降最快，注册护士中下降速度居中，执业护士中下降速度较慢。由于这些职业的人作为榜样和健康教育者具有重要作用，他们不应吸烟。
