Hay D R
National Heart Foundation of New Zealand, Christchurch.
N Z Med J. 1998 Mar 27;111(1062):102-4.
To determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking among New Zealand doctors and nurses and to examine intercensal trends in smoking behaviour.
The 1996 New Zealand population census included two questions on cigarette smoking. The data for doctors and nurses have been analysed and compared with results from the 1976 and 1981 censuses.
There were 7335 doctor respondents and 30,507 nurses. Five percent of male and female doctors smoke cigarettes regularly compared with 15% in 1981, 20% in 1976 and 35% in 1963. Almost 90% of doctors aged less than 30 years have never smoked and reductions in smoking have occurred in all specialties. Eighteen percent of nurses (18% females, 27% males) are smokers compared with 31% of females and 39% of males in 1981. The highest prevalence is among psychiatric nurses (31%) while only 10% of midwives and Plunket nurses are smokers.
Doctors continue to lead the New Zealand community in non-smoking and the goal of a smokefree medical profession by the year 2000 may be achievable. In contrast to 1981, the prevalence of smoking by female nurses (18%) is now less than women in the general New Zealand population (23%). Substantial reductions in smoking have occurred in all categories of the nursing profession.
确定新西兰医生和护士中吸烟的流行情况，并研究两次人口普查期间吸烟行为的变化趋势。
1996年新西兰人口普查包含两个关于吸烟的问题。对医生和护士的数据进行了分析，并与1976年和1981年人口普查的结果进行了比较。
有7335名医生和30507名护士参与调查。5%的男女医生经常吸烟，而1981年为15%，1976年为20%，1963年为35%。几乎90%年龄小于30岁的医生从未吸烟，所有专业的吸烟率都有所下降。18%的护士（女性为18%，男性为27%）吸烟，而1981年女性吸烟率为31%，男性为39%。精神科护士的吸烟率最高（31%），而助产士和普伦基特护士中只有10%吸烟。
医生在新西兰社区的无烟率方面继续领先，到2000年实现无烟医疗行业的目标可能是可以实现的。与1981年相比，现在女护士的吸烟率（18%）低于新西兰普通女性人口（23%）。护理行业各类别吸烟率均大幅下降。
