Lavy E, van Oppen P, van den Hout M
Limburg University, Department of Mental Health Sciences/Experimental Psychopathology, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Behav Res Ther. 1994 Feb;32(2):243-6. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(94)90118-x.
Three possible explanations for attentional bias effects in anxious subjects have been formulated: the threat-relatedness hypothesis, the emotionality hypothesis and the concern-relatedness hypothesis. In order to investigate these three hypotheses, an experiment was carried out with 33 obsessive compulsive (OC) patients and 29 normal controls. Both groups colour-named a Stroop card with 5 word sets: neutral words and 4 emotional word sets (a 2 x 2 matrix of words, related/unrelated to obsessive compulsive disorder and positively/negatively valenced). In line with previous studies, OC patients selectively attended to negative OC-related cues; this supports the threat-relatedness hypothesis. Although the set-up of the experiment was similar to the Mathews and Klug (1993, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 31, 57-62) study, no evidence was found for the concern-relatedness hypothesis, i.e. the OC patients did not show an attentional bias for positive OC-related words. Two possible reasons for these contradicting findings are discussed.
针对焦虑症患者的注意偏向效应，已提出三种可能的解释：与威胁相关的假设、情绪性假设和与担忧相关的假设。为了探究这三种假设，对33名强迫症（OC）患者和29名正常对照者进行了一项实验。两组对一张包含5组词集的Stroop卡片进行颜色命名：中性词和4组情绪词集（一个2×2的词矩阵，与强迫症相关/不相关且具有正/负效价）。与先前的研究一致，强迫症患者选择性地关注与强迫症相关的负面线索；这支持了与威胁相关的假设。尽管该实验的设置与马修斯和克鲁格（1993年，《行为研究与治疗》，第31卷，第57 - 62页）的研究相似，但未找到支持与担忧相关假设的证据，即强迫症患者对与强迫症相关的积极词汇未表现出注意偏向。文中讨论了这些矛盾结果的两个可能原因。
