Slominski B A, Campbell L D, Guenter W
Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Poult Sci. 1994 Jan;73(1):156-62. doi: 10.3382/ps.0730156.
Balance studies utilizing laying hens and adult cockerels were conducted to determine the influence of oligosaccharides (raffinose and stachyose) present in canola meal (CM) on the digestibility of nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) and on the TMEn of the meal. Ethanol extraction was used to produce oligosaccharide-free meal, and exogenous dietary enzymes (alpha-galactosidase and invertase) were employed to bring about oligosaccharide hydrolysis in the intestinal tract of the birds. In each of two balance trials, six hens individually housed were randomly allotted to each of the experimental diets in completely randomized design. Experiment 1 consisted of a factorial arrangement of treatments (two sources of proteins with or without enzyme supplementation), whereas Experiment 2 consisted of five diets: semipurified CM control, semipurified ethanol-extracted CM; semipurified ethanol-extracted CM plus raffinose; conventional CM; and conventional ethanol-extracted CM. Elimination of oligosaccharides by the use of exogenous dietary enzymes had no effect on NSP digestion. Removal of oligosaccharides by ethanol extraction increased NSP digestibility from 4 to 8%. A more pronounced effect (17% NSP digestion) was noted in hens fed a wheat-based diet containing 30% oligosaccharide-free CM. This latter effect may have been due to the relatively high content of water-soluble polysaccharides contributed by the wheat portion of the diet. The TMEn content of ethanol-extracted CM was 2,302 kcal/kg as compared with 2,426 kcal/kg for untreated CM. The data indicate no advantage of oligosaccharide removal with regard to the nutritive worth of canola meal.
利用蛋鸡和成年公鸡进行了平衡试验，以确定油菜籽粕（CM）中存在的低聚糖（棉子糖和水苏糖）对非淀粉多糖（NSP）消化率以及该粕中真代谢能（TMEn）的影响。采用乙醇提取法制备不含低聚糖的粕，并使用外源日粮酶（α-半乳糖苷酶和转化酶）促使低聚糖在鸡的肠道中水解。在两项平衡试验的每一项中，将单独饲养的6只母鸡以完全随机设计随机分配到每种试验日粮中。试验1采用析因设计安排处理（两种蛋白质来源，添加或不添加酶），而试验2包括五种日粮：半纯化CM对照、半纯化乙醇提取CM；半纯化乙醇提取CM加棉子糖；常规CM；以及常规乙醇提取CM。使用外源日粮酶消除低聚糖对NSP消化没有影响。通过乙醇提取去除低聚糖使NSP消化率提高了4%至8%。在饲喂含有30%不含低聚糖CM的小麦型日粮的母鸡中观察到更显著的效果（NSP消化率为17%）。后一种效果可能是由于日粮中小麦部分贡献的水溶性多糖含量相对较高。乙醇提取CM的TMEn含量为2302千卡/千克，而未处理CM为2426千卡/千克。数据表明，就油菜籽粕的营养价值而言，去除低聚糖没有优势。
