Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China.
Aonong Biological Technology Group Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361000, China.
Poult Sci. 2019 Dec 1;98(12):6888-6896. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez419.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the inclusion levels of different types of rapeseed meal (RSM) on performance, organ weight, and serum biochemical parameters in Cherry Valley ducks in the starter period and grower-finisher period. In Exp. 1, a total of 750 seven-day-old male ducklings were divided into 5 dietary treatments with 6 replicate pens of 25 birds per pen. The starter diets with the inclusion of 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20% of double-low RSM contained 0, 1.37, 2.15, 3.46, or 5.31 µmol glucosinolates (GLS)/g in the finished feed (from day 7 to 21). In Exp. 2, a total of 900 fifteen-day-old male ducklings were divided into 6 dietary treatments with 6 replicate pens of 25 birds per pen. The grower-finisher diets with the inclusion of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, or 25% of Indian RSM contained 0, 7.67, 15.34, 24.66, 31.21, or 38.44 µmol GLS/g in the finished feed (from day 15 to 42). For ducklings in the starter period (Exp. 1), body weight gain and feed intake decreased linearly as the dietary double-low RSM inclusion level increased at day 7 to 14, while growth rate was not influenced by dietary double-low RSM inclusion levels at day 15 to 21 and day 7 to 21. For ducks in the grower-finisher period (Exp. 2), growth performance decreased linearly as the dietary RSM inclusion level increased from 5 to 20%. In addition, dietary RSM inclusion levels induced liver enlargement in ducklings at day 21 (5 to 20% double-low RSM with 1.37 to 5.31 µmol/g GLS) and thyroid enlargement accompanied by increased serum AST and ALP activities in ducks at day 42 (5 to 15% Indian RSM with 7.67 to 23.66 µmol/g GLS). Therefore, our results indicated that the upper limit of using RSM sources in feed formulation should consider the anti-nutritional factor of GLS content at different stages of duck growth.
本研究旨在探究不同水平菜籽粕（RSM）对樱桃谷鸭育雏期和生长期-育肥期生产性能、器官重量和血清生化参数的影响。试验 1 中，将 750 只 7 日龄雄性雏鸭分为 5 种饲粮处理，每个处理 6 个重复，每个重复 25 只鸭。含 0、5、10、15 或 20%双低 RSM 的育雏期饲粮，其在成品饲粮中的硫代葡萄糖苷（GLS）含量分别为 0、1.37、2.15、3.46 或 5.31μmol/g（7-21 日龄）。试验 2 中，将 900 只 15 日龄雄性雏鸭分为 6 种饲粮处理，每个处理 6 个重复，每个重复 25 只鸭。含 0、5、10、15、20 或 25%印度 RSM 的生长期-育肥期饲粮，其在成品饲粮中的 GLS 含量分别为 0、7.67、15.34、24.66、31.21 或 38.44μmol/g（15-42 日龄）。对于育雏期（试验 1）的雏鸭，随着饲粮双低 RSM 添加水平的增加，第 7-14 天的体重和采食量呈线性下降，而第 15-21 天和第 7-21 天的生长速度不受饲粮双低 RSM 添加水平的影响。对于生长期-育肥期（试验 2）的雏鸭，随着饲粮 RSM 添加水平从 5%增加到 20%，生长性能呈线性下降。此外，饲粮 RSM 添加水平导致第 21 天雏鸭肝脏肿大（5%-20%双低 RSM，GLS 含量为 1.37-5.31μmol/g），第 42 天雏鸭甲状腺肿大，血清 AST 和 ALP 活性升高（5%-15%印度 RSM，GLS 含量为 7.67-23.66μmol/g）。因此，我们的研究结果表明，在不同的鸭生长阶段，在饲料配方中使用 RSM 源时，应考虑 GLs 含量这一抗营养因子的上限。
