Linday L A
St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1994 Mar-Apr;33(3):416-23. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199403000-00017.
To test the hypothesis that there is no difference in the proportion of young boys with pregnancy fantasies versus young girls with penis fantasies and to explore the prevalence of pregnancy, genital, and related fantasies in 2-through 6-year-old children.
The parents of 171 preschool and kindergarten children attending two private schools in New York City received questionnaires regarding the above fantasies. They were completed by the mothers of 31 girls and 34 boys (overall response rate of 38%).
There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of girls reported to have penis/gender fantasies and the proportion of boys reported to have pregnancy fantasies. Reports of at least one fantasy were more common for girls (p < .006), as were reports of breast-feeding, other nurturing, and other reproductive fantasies (p < .03) and reports of wanting to urinate like a boy (p < .05). Reports of an "interest" in vaginas and breasts, as opposed to a fantasy about having them, were more common in boys (p < .03).
These data support the "overinclusive phase" of Fast's differentiation model of gender identity. Developmentally appropriate androgynous fantasies must be distinguished from gender identity disorder, a psychiatric condition that can emerge in the same age group.
检验关于有怀孕幻想的小男孩与有阴茎幻想的小女孩在比例上无差异这一假设，并探究2至6岁儿童中怀孕、生殖器及相关幻想的发生率。
纽约市两所私立学校的171名学龄前和幼儿园儿童的家长收到了关于上述幻想的问卷。问卷由31名女孩和34名男孩的母亲填写（总体回复率为38%）。
报告有阴茎/性别幻想的女孩比例与报告有怀孕幻想的男孩比例在统计学上无显著差异。至少有一个幻想的报告在女孩中更常见（p < .006），母乳喂养、其他养育及其他生殖幻想的报告也是如此（p < .03），以及像男孩一样排尿的愿望报告（p < .05）。与幻想拥有阴道和乳房相反，对阴道和乳房“感兴趣”的报告在男孩中更常见（p < .03）。
这些数据支持了法斯特性别认同分化模型的“过度包容阶段”。必须将发育上适当的双性化幻想与性别认同障碍区分开来，性别认同障碍是一种可能出现在同一年龄组的精神疾病。
