Dibble J T, Bartha R
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1976 Apr;31(4):544-50. doi: 10.1128/aem.31.4.544-550.1976.
The biodegradation of South Louisiana (SL) crude oil and the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron supplements on this process were compared in a polluted (10,900 oil degraders per liter) and in a relatively clean (750 oil degraders per liter) littoral seawater sample taken along the New Jersey coast. Without supplements, the biodegradation of SL crude oil was negligible in both seawater samples. Addition of nitrogen and phosphorus allowed very rapid biodegradation (72% in 3 days) in polluted seawater. Total iron in this seawater sample was high (5.2 muM), and the addition of iron did not increase the biodegradation rate further. In the less polluted and less iron-rich (1.2 muM) seawater sample, biodegradation of SL crude oil was considerably slower (21% in 3 days) and the addition of chelated iron had a stimulating effect. Ferric octoate was shown to have a similar stimulating effect on SL crude oil biodegradation as chelated iron. Ferric octoate, in combination with paraffinized urea and octylphosphate, is suitable for treatment of floating oil slicks. We conclude that spills of SL crude and similar oils can be cleaned up rapidly and efficiently by stimulated biodegradation, provided the water temperatures are favorable.
在新泽西海岸采集的一个受污染的（每升含10900个石油降解菌）和一个相对清洁的（每升含750个石油降解菌）沿岸海水样本中，比较了南路易斯安那（SL）原油的生物降解情况以及氮、磷和铁补充剂对该过程的影响。在没有补充剂的情况下，两个海水样本中SL原油的生物降解都可以忽略不计。添加氮和磷后，受污染海水中的生物降解速度非常快（3天内降解72%）。该海水样本中的总铁含量很高（5.2 μM），添加铁并没有进一步提高生物降解率。在污染程度较低且铁含量较低（1.2 μM）的海水样本中，SL原油的生物降解速度要慢得多（3天内降解21%），添加螯合铁有刺激作用。已证明辛酸铁对SL原油生物降解的刺激作用与螯合铁相似。辛酸铁与石蜡化尿素和辛基磷酸盐结合，适用于处理浮油。我们得出结论，只要水温适宜，通过刺激生物降解可以快速有效地清理SL原油及类似油品的泄漏。
