Brugnara C, Fenton T, Winkelman J W
Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115.
Am J Clin Pathol. 1994 May;101(5):559-63. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/101.5.559.
The professional activities of anatomic and clinical pathologists involve, to a large extent, management issues. To evaluate the management training received by pathology residents, the authors surveyed pathology residency training programs in the United States. Responses were collected from 138 of 187 programs (73.8% response rate). Of the 138 programs, 61 reported that they had a formal training program in management, with an average of 26.8 +/- 4.9 (standard error) hours/year devoted to this discipline. Directors of 64.5% of the programs felt that management training should be expanded. Lectures were used in 61% of the programs, some in combination with case studies. Elements of training in fiscal management were present in 52.8% of the programs, and the presence of fiscal management training was associated significantly with a greater number of hours spent in management training (P < .001). Training in traditional laboratory management and quality control was included in 91.5% of the programs. The principles of total quality management were discussed in only 31.7% of the programs, but 80.6% of the programs encouraged residents' participation in departmental or institutional total quality management activities. These data indicate that there are major differences in the quality of and emphasis on management training for pathology residents in the United States.
解剖病理学家和临床病理学家的专业活动在很大程度上涉及管理问题。为了评估病理学住院医师接受的管理培训情况，作者对美国的病理学住院医师培训项目进行了调查。从187个项目中的138个收集了回复（回复率为73.8%）。在这138个项目中，61个报告称他们有正式的管理培训项目，平均每年有26.8±4.9（标准误差）小时用于该学科。64.5%的项目主任认为管理培训应该扩大。61%的项目使用了讲座，有些还结合了案例研究。52.8%的项目包含财务管理培训内容，财务管理培训的存在与用于管理培训的时间显著增加相关（P<.001）。91.5%的项目包括传统实验室管理和质量控制培训。只有31.7%的项目讨论了全面质量管理原则，但80.6%的项目鼓励住院医师参与部门或机构的全面质量管理活动。这些数据表明，美国病理学住院医师管理培训的质量和重点存在重大差异。
