Gray G C, Mitchell B S, Tueller J E, Cross E R, Amundson D E
Clinical Epidemiology Branch, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA 92186-5122.
Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Apr 15;139(8):793-802. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117076.
The authors identified hospitalizations for pneumonia (n = 6,522) in active-duty Navy and Marine Corps personnel during 1981-1991 from computerized inpatient records. The crude mean annual rate of pneumonia hospitalization was 77.6 per 100,000 active-duty personnel; 65% of pneumonia hospitalizations had no etiologic agent identified. The most commonly reported agents to cause pneumonia hospitalization were Streptococcus pneumoniae (12.3%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (10.8%), other streptococcal species (2.1%), and Haemophilus influenzae (1.9%). The median age at hospitalization was 22 years. The median duration of hospital stay was 4 days and the case fatality rate was 0.4%. The authors used a 2% sample of the entire population and by means of stepwise unconditional multivariate logistic regression modeling for pneumonia found that, independent of age, the most junior Navy and Marine Corps personnel were at highest risk. Whites were at higher risk than blacks, Hispanics, or Filipinos. These results indicate that among this generally healthy US young adult military population, pneumonia hospitalization is common, often brief, and frequently without specifically identified pathogens.
作者从计算机化的住院记录中识别出1981 - 1991年期间现役海军和海军陆战队人员因肺炎住院的情况（n = 6522）。肺炎住院的粗年均发病率为每10万名现役人员77.6例；65%的肺炎住院病例未查明病原体。导致肺炎住院最常报告的病原体是肺炎链球菌（12.3%）、肺炎支原体（10.8%）、其他链球菌属（2.1%）和流感嗜血杆菌（1.9%）。住院的中位年龄为22岁。住院的中位时长为4天，病死率为0.4%。作者采用总体人群2%的样本，通过逐步无条件多变量逻辑回归模型分析肺炎情况，发现排除年龄因素后，海军和海军陆战队中级别最低的人员风险最高。白人比黑人、西班牙裔或菲律宾人风险更高。这些结果表明，在这一总体健康的美国年轻成年军人人群中，肺炎住院情况常见，病程通常较短，且常常未明确病原体。
