Garland F C, Mayers D L, Hickey T M, Miller M R, Shaw E K, Gorham E D, Bigbee L R, McNally M M
Department of Epidemiology, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, Calif. 92138-9174.
JAMA. 1989 Dec 8;262(22):3161-5.
From 1986 through 1988, the US Navy and US Marine Corps administered 1,956,631 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screening tests for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus to 1,070,511 active-duty enlisted and officer personnel. This study identified all persons who had an initial test with negative results. This population was then followed up and those who later tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus were identified as seroconverters. There were 582 seroconversions identified from a total of 987,479 person-years at risk. The age adjusted seroconversion rate and 95% Poisson confidence intervals for navy personnel was 0.69 per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval, 0.63 to 0.76). Age-adjusted rates in men were 5.0 times those of women. Age-adjusted rates in blacks were 3.7 times those of whites. The age-adjusted seroconversion rate in Marine Corps personnel was 0.28 per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval, 0.22 to 0.36). Similar demographic patterns were present in the Marine Corps and the US Navy. This study is one of the first reports of incidence of human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion by demographic characteristics in a large, young, and apparently healthy population.
从1986年到1988年，美国海军和美国海军陆战队对1070511名现役士兵和军官进行了1956631次人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体的酶联免疫吸附试验筛查。本研究确定了所有初次检测结果为阴性的人员。然后对这一人群进行随访，那些后来检测出人类免疫缺陷病毒呈阳性的人被确定为血清转化者。在总共987479人年的风险期内，共确定了582例血清转化。海军人员经年龄调整后的血清转化率及95%泊松置信区间为每1000人年0.69例（95%置信区间为0.63至0.76）。男性经年龄调整后的发病率是女性的5.0倍。黑人经年龄调整后的发病率是白人的3.7倍。海军陆战队人员经年龄调整后的血清转化率为每1000人年0.28例（95%置信区间为0.22至0.36）。海军陆战队和美国海军呈现出相似的人口统计学模式。本研究是关于在一个庞大、年轻且看似健康的人群中，按人口统计学特征划分的人类免疫缺陷病毒血清转化发病率的首批报告之一。
