Hara A, Taketomi T
J Biochem. 1975 Sep;78(3):527-36. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a130937.
Equine renal glycopshingolipids were composed of galactocerebroside, glucocerbroside, ceramide dihexoside, ceramide trihexoside, sulfatide, globoside I, Forssman globoside, and hematoside. Free ceramide and sphingomyelin were also found in equine kidney. Their long chain bases consisted of sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, C18-phytosphingosine, and C20-phytosphingosine, whereas the fatty acids were separated into two groups: nonhydroxy and hydroxy fatty acids. Ceramide monohexoside was separated into five spots by TLC on borax-impregnated plates. The major component of ceramide monohexoside was glucocerbroside which accounted for 46.6% of the total ceramide monohexoside and contained a ceramide consisting of phytosphingosines and hydroxy fatty acids. The long chain bases of hematoside and sulfatide contained dihydroxy and trihydroxy bases in nearly equal ratios. On the other hand, the other glycosphingolipids contained mainly dihydroxy bases, though with significant amounts of trihydroxy bases. Free ceramides were separated into four groups by silicic acid column chromatography and the major ceramides were of two kinds, consisting of dihydroxy bases and nonhydroxy fatty acids (49.9% of the total ceramide) and of trihydroxy bases and nonhydroxy fatty acids (38.5% of the total ceramide). The minor ceramides contained predominantly hydroxy fatty acids. Neither trihydroxy bases nor hydroxy fatty acids were detected in spingomyelin.
马肾糖鞘脂由半乳糖脑苷脂、葡萄糖脑苷脂、神经酰胺二己糖苷、神经酰胺三己糖苷、硫脂、红细胞糖苷脂I、福斯曼红细胞糖苷脂和血苷组成。在马肾中也发现了游离神经酰胺和鞘磷脂。它们的长链碱基由鞘氨醇、二氢鞘氨醇、C18 - 植物鞘氨醇和C20 - 植物鞘氨醇组成，而脂肪酸分为两组：非羟基脂肪酸和羟基脂肪酸。神经酰胺单己糖苷在硼砂浸渍板上通过薄层层析分离为五个斑点。神经酰胺单己糖苷的主要成分是葡萄糖脑苷脂，占总神经酰胺单己糖苷的46.6%，含有由植物鞘氨醇和羟基脂肪酸组成的神经酰胺。血苷和硫脂的长链碱基中，二羟基碱基和三羟基碱基的比例几乎相等。另一方面，其他糖鞘脂主要含有二羟基碱基，不过也含有大量的三羟基碱基。游离神经酰胺通过硅酸柱层析分离为四组，主要的神经酰胺有两种，分别由二羟基碱基和非羟基脂肪酸组成（占总神经酰胺的49.9%）以及由三羟基碱基和非羟基脂肪酸组成（占总神经酰胺的38.5%）。次要的神经酰胺主要含有羟基脂肪酸。在鞘磷脂中未检测到三羟基碱基和羟基脂肪酸。
