Stephens M A, Franks M M, Townsend A L
Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Ohio 44242-0001.
Psychol Aging. 1994 Mar;9(1):45-52. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.9.1.45.
This research examined stress and rewards experienced by 95 women who were simultaneously occupying the roles of caregiver, mother, and wife. The study examined role-specific stress and rewards as predictors of well-being (physical health, positive affect, negative affect, and role overload) and examined the effects of an accumulation of role stress and role rewards across these 3 roles. Role rewards contributed unique variance to well-being, even after role stress had been considered. An accumulation of role stress across roles was related to poorer well-being, whereas an accumulation of role rewards was related to better well-being. Findings indicated that caregivers' experiences in multiple roles could both detract from and enhance their mental and physical health.
这项研究调查了95名同时承担照顾者、母亲和妻子角色的女性所经历的压力和回报。该研究将特定角色的压力和回报作为幸福（身体健康、积极情绪、消极情绪和角色过载）的预测指标，并考察了这三种角色中角色压力和角色回报积累的影响。即使在考虑了角色压力之后，角色回报对幸福仍有独特的贡献。跨角色的角色压力积累与较差的幸福感相关，而角色回报的积累则与较好的幸福感相关。研究结果表明，照顾者在多种角色中的经历既可能损害也可能增强他们的身心健康。
