Dayal H H, Khuder S, Sharrar R, Trieff N
Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston 77555-1009.
Environ Res. 1994 May;65(2):161-71. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1994.1029.
We examined the risk of obstructive respiratory disease associated with tobacco smoke in indoor air, independent of active smoking, ambient air pollution, and some of the other sources of residential indoor air pollution. Data came from a probability sample survey of nine neighborhoods in Philadelphia conducted in 1985-1986, leading to information on approximately 4200 individuals. While for never-smokers the prevalence of obstructive respiratory conditions was proportional to the level of environmental tobacco smoke, this second-hand smoke was not a factor in the frequency of such problems among current smokers. In a series of analyses restricted to never-smokers, each of the 219 index cases of obstructive respiratory disease was matched by age, gender, and neighborhood to three randomly selected controls where matching by neighborhood effectively controlled for ambient air pollution. Both matched and unmatched two-sample analyses showed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019 and 0.016, respectively) between cases and controls with respect to the level of tobacco smoke in the indoor environment. A conditional logistic regression-matched analysis revealed that heating and cooking as sources of indoor air pollution were not associated with the case/control status. However, the odds ratio for passive smoking at a level of more than one pack per day in the house environment was 1.86 (95% CI, 1.21-2.86). The results show that passive smoking is a significant risk factor for obstructive respiratory disease for never-smokers in an industrialized urban population.
我们研究了室内空气中与烟草烟雾相关的阻塞性呼吸道疾病风险，该风险独立于主动吸烟、室外空气污染以及住宅室内空气污染的其他一些来源。数据来自1985 - 1986年在费城九个社区进行的概率抽样调查，涉及约4200个人的信息。对于从不吸烟者而言，阻塞性呼吸道疾病的患病率与环境烟草烟雾水平成正比，但二手烟并非当前吸烟者中此类问题发生频率的影响因素。在一系列仅限于从不吸烟者的分析中，219例阻塞性呼吸道疾病的索引病例，每例均按年龄、性别和社区与三个随机选择的对照进行匹配，通过社区匹配有效地控制了室外空气污染。匹配和未匹配的双样本分析均显示，病例组和对照组在室内环境烟草烟雾水平方面存在统计学显著差异（分别为P = 0.019和0.016）。条件逻辑回归匹配分析显示，作为室内空气污染来源的取暖和烹饪与病例/对照状态无关。然而，家庭环境中每天被动吸烟超过一包的比值比为1.86（95%可信区间，1.21 - 2.86）。结果表明，在工业化城市人群中，被动吸烟是从不吸烟者患阻塞性呼吸道疾病的一个重要风险因素。
