Saldiva P H, Lichtenfels A J, Paiva P S, Barone I A, Martins M A, Massad E, Pereira J C, Xavier V P, Singer J M, Böhm G M
Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental, Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Environ Res. 1994 May;65(2):218-25. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1994.1033.
This work presents the results of a time series study relating air pollution and respiratory mortality in children under 5 years of age in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil. Daily records of mortality (excluding neonatal mortality) for the period May 1990 to April 1991 were collected along with daily records of relative humidity, temperature, SO2, CO, particulates (PM10), O3, and NOx concentrations. Using multiple regression methods we demonstrated a significant association between mortality due to respiratory diseases and the NOx levels. After controlling for weather and season effects, the odds of dying due to respiratory diseases, considering the mean levels of NOx in São Paulo, was estimated at 1.3 (+/- 0.13). This result is in accord with previous animal studies conducted by our group and indicates that air pollution in São Paulo has reached levels high enough to have adverse health effects on the exposed population.
这项研究呈现了一项时间序列研究的结果，该研究探讨了巴西圣保罗大都市区5岁以下儿童的空气污染与呼吸道死亡率之间的关系。收集了1990年5月至1991年4月期间的每日死亡率记录（不包括新生儿死亡率），以及相对湿度、温度、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、颗粒物（PM10）、臭氧和氮氧化物浓度的每日记录。使用多元回归方法，我们证明了呼吸道疾病导致的死亡率与氮氧化物水平之间存在显著关联。在控制了天气和季节影响后，考虑到圣保罗氮氧化物的平均水平，因呼吸道疾病死亡的几率估计为1.3（±0.13）。这一结果与我们小组之前进行的动物研究一致，表明圣保罗的空气污染已达到足以对暴露人群产生不良健康影响的水平。
