Kaiser E, Hu B, Becher S, Eberhard D, Schray B, Baack M, Hameister H, Knippers R
Division of Biology, Universität Konstanz, Federal Republic of Germany.
Genomics. 1994 Jan 15;19(2):280-90. doi: 10.1006/geno.1994.1059.
Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase and prolyl-tRNA synthetase belong to different classes of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that are thought to have evolved along independent evolutionary pathways. However, both enzymes are on one polypeptide chain encoded by a single human gene, the EPRS locus, which is transcribed as one long mRNA. We report the structure of the human EPRS gene, which consists of 29 exons spread over at least 90 kb of genomic DNA. The exons, encoding the glutamyl-specific and the prolyl-specific parts of the enzyme, are each clustered in 10-kb sections located at opposite ends of the gene. These two exon clusters are separated by a long intervening DNA section with a number of exons, encoding functions that may be involved in the organization of the mammalian multienzyme synthetase complex. The upstream gene region shows structural features of a regulated gene, and preliminary experiments suggest that the gene is expressed at specific times in growth-stimulated cultured cells. We have localized the gene to the distal long arm of human chromosome 1 and to a corresponding site in mouse chromosome 1.
谷氨酰胺-tRNA合成酶和脯氨酰-tRNA合成酶属于不同类别的氨酰-tRNA合成酶，人们认为它们是沿着独立的进化途径演化而来的。然而，这两种酶都位于由单个人类基因EPRS位点编码的一条多肽链上，该基因转录为一条长mRNA。我们报道了人类EPRS基因的结构，它由29个外显子组成，分布在至少90kb的基因组DNA上。编码该酶谷氨酰胺特异性和脯氨酰特异性部分的外显子各自聚集在位于基因两端的10kb区域内。这两个外显子簇被一段长的间隔DNA区域隔开，该区域有多个外显子，其编码的功能可能与哺乳动物多酶合成酶复合物的组织有关。基因上游区域显示出一个受调控基因的结构特征，初步实验表明该基因在生长刺激的培养细胞中的特定时间表达。我们已将该基因定位到人类染色体1的长臂远端以及小鼠染色体1的相应位点。
