Chiaviello C T, Christoph R A, Bond G R
Dept of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908.
Pediatrics. 1994 Jun;93(6 Pt 1):974-6.
To determine the incidence and significance of walker-related injuries in infants.
During a 3-year, 8-month period, all infants who were brought to the University of Virginia Pediatric Emergency Department with a walker-related injury were prospectively studied. During the emergency department visit, demographic and epidemiologic information were recorded. The annual incidence of walker-related injuries occurring in infants < 1 year of age that resulted in a hospital emergency department visit was calculated from the home zip codes of the injured patients and from the population of infants < 1 year of age living in Charlottesville and in Albemarle County.
Sixty-five patients were enrolled in the study. The age distribution ranged from 3 months to 17 months, with 95% younger < 1 year old. Mechanisms associated with walker-related injuries included stairway falls in 46 infants (71%), tip-overs in 14 infants (21%), falls from a porch in 2 infants (3%), and burns in 3 infants (5%). These injuries predominantly involved the head and neck region (97%), with few injuries to the extremities (6%) and trunk (3%). Although the majority of injuries were minor, significant injuries occurred in 19 infants (29%). These injuries included skull fracture, concussion, intracranial hemorrhage, full-thickness burns, c-spine fracture, and death. After excluding the burned patients, all the serious injuries resulted from falls down stairs. The annual incidence of injuries occurring in infants < 1 year of age, related to the use of walkers, and resulting in an emergency department visit was 8.9/1000, and for serious injuries was 1.7/1000.
The incidence and significance of infant walker-related injuries in infants are unacceptably high.
确定婴儿与学步车相关损伤的发生率及意义。
在3年8个月的时间里，对所有因与学步车相关损伤而被送至弗吉尼亚大学儿科急诊科的婴儿进行前瞻性研究。在急诊科就诊期间，记录人口统计学和流行病学信息。根据受伤患者的家庭邮政编码以及夏洛茨维尔和阿尔伯马尔县1岁以下婴儿的人口数量，计算1岁以下婴儿因与学步车相关损伤而到医院急诊科就诊的年发生率。
65名患者纳入研究。年龄分布为3个月至17个月，95%的患者年龄小于1岁。与学步车相关损伤的机制包括46名婴儿（71%）从楼梯上摔倒、14名婴儿（21%）翻倒、2名婴儿（3%）从门廊跌落以及3名婴儿（5%）烧伤。这些损伤主要累及头颈部区域（97%），四肢损伤较少（6%），躯干损伤（3%）。虽然大多数损伤较轻，但19名婴儿（29%）发生了严重损伤。这些损伤包括颅骨骨折、脑震荡、颅内出血、全层烧伤、颈椎骨折和死亡。排除烧伤患者后，所有严重损伤均由从楼梯上摔倒所致。1岁以下婴儿因使用学步车而到急诊科就诊的损伤年发生率为8.9/1000，严重损伤年发生率为1.7/1000。
婴儿与学步车相关损伤的发生率及意义高得令人无法接受。
