Castro G A, Johnson L R, Copeland E M, Dudrick S J
J Parasitol. 1976 Jun;62(3):353-9.
Two groups of rats were kept on an oral diet after infection with 10(4) Trichinella spiralis or 10 Hymenolepis diminuta larvae. Sixteen days and 2 days after infection with H. diminuta and T. spiralis, respectively, 8 rats from each group were switched to intravenous (iv) alimentation, while the remaining animals were retained on oral nutrition as controls. Rats were killed during the following 21 days. The number of T. spiralis recovered from iv-fed rats was significantly higher than in controls, whereas the sex ratio and worm size were similar. Disaccharidase deficiencies normally associated with either infection or parenteral feeding were additive in the infected, parenterally nourished rats. The rise in peroxidase activity normally associated with intestinal trichinosis was not as great (P less than 0.05) in iv-fed rats. Intravenous feeding did not affect tapeworm number, but caused destrobilization. This was followed by secondary proglottization that led to development of worms of normal length and with gravid segments, but with an increased length: weight ratio.
oral food deprivation in the host does not adversely affect development of established T. spiralis. The larger worm burden in iv-fed rats may be due to reduced inflammation normally involved in worm expulsion. Exogenous food in the gut is not necessary for maintaining established H. diminuta; factors necessary for sustenance and growth can be acquired by the worm entirely from the exocrino-enteric circulation.
两组大鼠分别感染10⁴旋毛虫或10条微小膜壳绦虫幼虫后给予经口饮食。分别在感染微小膜壳绦虫和旋毛虫后的第16天和第2天，每组8只大鼠改为静脉营养，其余动物继续经口营养作为对照。在接下来的21天内处死大鼠。静脉营养喂养的大鼠体内回收的旋毛虫数量显著高于对照组，而性别比例和虫体大小相似。在感染且接受肠外营养的大鼠中，通常与感染或肠外喂养相关的双糖酶缺乏具有叠加性。静脉营养喂养的大鼠中，通常与肠道旋毛虫病相关的过氧化物酶活性升高幅度较小（P<0.05）。静脉营养喂养不影响绦虫数量，但会导致节片脱落。随后会继发节片形成，使虫体发育至正常长度并带有孕节，但长度与重量比增加。
宿主经口禁食对已感染的旋毛虫发育没有不利影响。静脉营养喂养的大鼠体内虫负荷较大可能是由于通常参与驱虫的炎症减轻。肠道内的外源食物对于维持已感染的微小膜壳绦虫并非必需；绦虫维持生存和生长所需的因素可完全从内分泌 - 肠循环中获取。
