Rosman D L, Knuiman M W
Department of Public Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands.
Accid Anal Prev. 1994 Apr;26(2):215-22. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(94)90091-4.
In order to gather as much information as possible on road crashes and outcomes, routinely collected police reports of traffic accidents and hospital discharge files were individually matched or "linked" using a computerised iterative procedure on name-identified data from both sources. The two groups of linked and unlinked hospital records were compared. Within the linked dataset, a comparison of like variables was made and showed good agreement between the two sources on accident type and road user type. However, police-reported levels of injury severity were shown to be less reliable. In addition, the proportion of hospital inpatient records that linked to a police record was found to be influenced by several factors. The overall linkage rate from hospital to police was 64% but varied from 29% for motorcyclists in single-vehicle accidents to 79% for motor vehicle drivers. The linkage rate increased with increasing levels of injury severity and was substantially lower for casualties of certain ethnic groups. It was deduced that for most instances where a hospital record did not link to a police record, the crash had not been reported. These findings confirm that there was considerable underreporting of hospitalised road casualties to the police and that the extent of underreporting was greater for those less severely injured.
为了收集尽可能多的道路交通事故及后果信息，利用计算机迭代程序，对常规收集的警方交通事故报告和医院出院档案进行逐一匹配或“关联”，这些数据来自两个来源中已确认姓名的数据。对两组关联和未关联的医院记录进行了比较。在关联数据集中，对相似变量进行了比较，结果表明两个来源在事故类型和道路使用者类型方面具有良好的一致性。然而，警方报告的伤害严重程度级别被证明不太可靠。此外，发现与警方记录相关联的医院住院记录比例受几个因素影响。从医院到警方的总体关联率为64%，但在单车事故中骑摩托车者的关联率为29%，机动车驾驶员的关联率为79%。关联率随着伤害严重程度的增加而上升，某些种族群体伤亡者的关联率则显著较低。由此推断，在大多数医院记录与警方记录未关联的情况下，事故未被报告。这些发现证实，向警方报告的住院道路伤亡情况存在大量漏报，而且伤势较轻者的漏报程度更大。
