Aboussouan L S, Stoller J K
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio.
Clin Chest Med. 1994 Mar;15(1):35-53.
Upper airway obstruction is a potentially fatal condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Common causes include foreign body aspiration, infections (even in the adult population) and sequelae of intubation, tracheostomy, and transtracheal oxygen catheters. Spirometry is an insensitive test for diagnosing upper airway obstruction and reflects the functional, rather than anatomic, severity of an obstruction. Although simple tomography still plays an important role, CT and magnetic resonance imaging scans are useful additions to our diagnostic armamentarium. Advances in laser technology, surgery, and bronchoscopy have broadened treatment options but require further evaluation.
上气道梗阻是一种潜在的致命疾病，需要及时诊断和治疗。常见病因包括异物吸入、感染（即使在成人中）以及插管、气管造口术和经气管氧导管的后遗症。肺量计对于诊断上气道梗阻是一种不敏感的检查，它反映的是梗阻的功能严重程度，而非解剖学严重程度。尽管简单体层摄影仍发挥着重要作用，但CT和磁共振成像扫描是我们诊断手段的有益补充。激光技术、外科手术和支气管镜检查的进展拓宽了治疗选择，但仍需进一步评估。
