Testa C, Desideri D, Meli M A, Roselli C, Bassignani A, Colombo G, Fantoni R F
General Chemistry Institute, Urbino University, Italy.
Health Phys. 1994 Jul;67(1):34-8. doi: 10.1097/00004032-199407000-00004.
Low specific-activity scales consisting of alkaline earth metal carbonates and sulfates are often present in some gaseous and liquid hydrocarbon plants. These scales contain a certain concentration of radium, uranium, and thorium which can cause a risk of gamma irradiation and internal radiocontamination when they must be mechanically removed. The gamma dose rates and the 238U, 232Th, 226Ra concentrations were determined in sludges, scales, and waters of some gas and oil hydrocarbon plants located in Italy, Congo, and Tunisia. 238U and 232Th concentrations were were low. The isotopes 238U and 234U resulted in radioactive equilibrium, while 232Th and 228Th were not always equilibrium. A rough correlation was found between the gamma dose rate and the 226Ra concentration. Some considerations and conclusions about radiation protection problems are pointed out.
由碱土金属碳酸盐和硫酸盐组成的低比活度垢层常常存在于一些气态和液态烃类工厂中。这些垢层含有一定浓度的镭、铀和钍，当必须对其进行机械清除时，会导致伽马辐射和内照射污染风险。对位于意大利、刚果和突尼斯的一些天然气和石油烃类工厂的污泥、垢层和水体中的伽马剂量率以及238U、232Th、226Ra浓度进行了测定。238U和232Th浓度较低。同位素238U和234U处于放射性平衡状态，而232Th和228Th并非总是处于平衡状态。发现伽马剂量率与226Ra浓度之间存在粗略的相关性。指出了关于辐射防护问题的一些考虑和结论。
