Englert N, Höring H
Institute for Water, Soil and Air Hygiene, Federal Health Office, Berlin, Germany.
Toxicol Lett. 1994 Jun;72(1-3):325-31. doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(94)90044-2.
In a study of associations between lead in blood and in tap-water, 113 blood samples and 140 tap-water samples of schoolchildren aged 9 to 12 years were analysed. Median and maximum values of blood lead were 8.3 and 34.0 micrograms/dl and of lead in tap water 24 and 2600 micrograms/l. Lead pipes were in use in some 50% of the houses. The pH values of the tap-water varied from 5.0 to 8.1. Both factors involved, i.e., lead pipes and acidic tap-water, have to be amended in order to reduce lead exposure in some regions or locations in Germany. This necessity is emphasized by increasing evidence of adverse effects to the central nervous system in children when blood lead levels exceed 10 micrograms/dl.
在一项关于血液铅含量与自来水中铅含量之间关联的研究中，对113份9至12岁学童的血液样本和140份自来水样本进行了分析。血铅的中位数和最大值分别为8.3微克/分升和34.0微克/分升，自来水中铅的中位数和最大值分别为24微克/升和2600微克/升。约50%的房屋使用铅管。自来水的pH值在5.0至8.1之间变化。为了减少德国某些地区或地点的铅暴露，铅管和酸性自来水这两个相关因素都必须加以改善。当血铅水平超过10微克/分升时，儿童中枢神经系统会受到不良影响，越来越多的证据强调了这种必要性。
