Gerdes A M, Kellerman S E, Malec K B, Schocken D D
Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, University of South Dakota, School of Medicine, Vermillion.
Cardioscience. 1994 Mar;5(1):31-6.
The shape of the cardiac myocyte is complex; but, in general, it resembles that of an elliptical cylinder. Quantitative data, however, are lacking and adaptive changes in cross-sectional shape are unknown. The major and minor transverse diameters of myocytes from adult rats were measured using three independent methods: profile tracings of intact isolated myocytes, sectioned isolated myocytes, and whole-sectioned tissue. Values for major and minor diameters were virtually identical with all three methods. Using profile tracings of intact isolated myocytes, major and minor diameters were examined in isolated myocytes from freshly explanted human hearts. Five were non-failing donor hearts regarded as unsuitable for transplantation, of which 2 were normal hearts and 3 had concentric hypertrophy. Six were dilated, failing human hearts with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Major and minor diameters from the normal hearts were similar to those from normal rats. Although the number of patients was limited, the minor diameter was largest in myocytes from patients with concentric hypertrophy while the major diameter was greatest in cells from patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. We conclude that the cross-sectional shape of structurally-intact myocytes is not altered by cell isolation. The data suggest that the transverse shape of normal human cardiac myocytes is similar to that found in rats, and that it may be altered in hypertrophy and failure.
心肌细胞的形状很复杂；但总体上类似于椭圆形圆柱体。然而，缺乏定量数据，并且横截面积形状的适应性变化尚不清楚。使用三种独立的方法测量成年大鼠心肌细胞的主要和次要横径：完整分离的心肌细胞的轮廓描记、切片分离的心肌细胞以及全切片组织。所有三种方法测得的主要和次要直径值实际上是相同的。使用完整分离的心肌细胞的轮廓描记，对新鲜摘取的人心脏的分离心肌细胞的主要和次要直径进行了检查。五个是被认为不适合移植的无功能供体心脏，其中2个是正常心脏，3个有向心性肥厚。六个是患有缺血性心肌病的扩张型、衰竭人心脏。正常心脏的主要和次要直径与正常大鼠的相似。尽管患者数量有限，但向心性肥厚患者的心肌细胞的次要直径最大，而缺血性心肌病患者的细胞的主要直径最大。我们得出结论，结构完整的心肌细胞的横截面积形状不会因细胞分离而改变。数据表明，正常人心肌细胞的横向形状与大鼠相似，并且在肥厚和衰竭时可能会改变。
