Regional haemodynamics in Brattleboro rats during chronic ingestion of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester.

The aim of this study was to assess regional haemodynamic changes in conscious Brattleboro rats during chronic ingestion of the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Animals were instrumented with renal, mesenteric and hindquarters pulsed Doppler flow probes and an intra-arterial catheter, and haemodynamic measurements were made before, during and after 14 days' exposure to L-NAME (0.01 mg ml-1 in the drinking water). Within 6 h after addition of L-NAME to the drinking water, mean arterial blood pressure was increased (maximum, 33 +/- 6 mm Hg), and remained so until L-NAME was withdrawn, whereupon blood pressure returned to normal levels within 24 h. The hypertension was accompanied by a transient reduction in mesenteric blood flow, and a more persistent reduction in hindquarters blood flow. Mesenteric and, particularly, hindquarters vascular conductance showed a sustained reduction. However, during ingestion of L-NAME, renal blood flow was not diminished and, over the final 4 days of exposure to L-NAME there was no significant renal vasoconstriction. All regional haemodynamic effects of L-NAME were lost within 24 h of its withdrawal. Hence, as with shorter periods of exposure to the less potent NO synthase inhibitor, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, the hypertension caused by L-NAME is dependent on its continued administration, and is associated with a particularly marked hindquarters vasoconstriction.