Kendler K S, Neale M, Kessler R, Heath A, Eaves L
Department of Psychiatry, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1993 Oct;50(10):789-96. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820220041005.
To examine the role of genetic and familial-environmental factors in the origin of stressful life events.
Self-report questionnaires describing stressful life events in the last year.
Both members of 2315 twin paris ascertained from the population-based Virginia Twin Registry.
Life events were modestly but significantly correlated in twin pairs, and correlations in monozygotic (MZ) twins consistently exceeded those in dizygotic (DZ) twins. For total life events, the best-fitting twin model indicated that familial-environmental and genetic factors each accounted for around 20% of the total variance. Individual life events could be best divided into "network events" (directly affecting individuals in the respondent's social-network) where twin resemblance was due solely to the familial environment, and "personal" events (directly affecting the response) where most twin resemblance was the result of genetic factors.
While neither genes nor familial environment is likely to directly produce life events, personal and social factors that predispose to life events are substantially influenced by an individual's genetic and family background. These results, which suggest that stressful life events reflect more than random influences, may have important implications for our understanding of the relationship between stressful life events and psychopathology.
探讨遗传因素和家庭环境因素在应激性生活事件起源中的作用。
采用自我报告问卷描述过去一年中的应激性生活事件。
从基于人群的弗吉尼亚双胞胎登记处确定的2315对双胞胎的双方成员。
双胞胎对中的生活事件存在适度但显著的相关性，同卵双胞胎（MZ）的相关性始终超过异卵双胞胎（DZ）。对于总的生活事件，最适合的双胞胎模型表明，家庭环境因素和遗传因素各占总方差的20%左右。个体生活事件最好分为“网络事件”（直接影响受访者社交网络中的个体），双胞胎相似性仅归因于家庭环境，以及“个人事件”（直接影响受访者），大多数双胞胎相似性是遗传因素的结果。
虽然基因和家庭环境都不太可能直接产生生活事件，但易引发生活事件的个人和社会因素受到个体遗传和家庭背景的显著影响。这些结果表明应激性生活事件不仅仅反映随机影响，可能对我们理解应激性生活事件与精神病理学之间的关系具有重要意义。
