Daley M, Williams T, Coyle P, Furda G, Dougherty R, Hayes P
Agricultural Research Division, American Cyanamid Company, Princeton, NJ 08543-0400.
Cytokine. 1993 May;5(3):276-84. doi: 10.1016/1043-4666(93)90015-w.
Antibiotic therapy is only moderately efficacious for bovine Staphylococcus aureus mastitis. We have used recombinant bovine cytokines to activate the natural host defenses, to prevent and treat bovine mastitis. Uninfected mammary glands infused with GM-CSF or IL-2 increased the percentage of phagocytic cells in the milk by 2-3 fold. IL-1 increased the number of polymorphonuclear cells in the milk, enhanced their inducible oxygen radical formation, and had no effect on phagocytosis. Treatment with IL-2 increased the number of polymorphonuclear cells in the milk, enhanced their inducible oxygen radical formation, and enhanced their phagocytosis. GM-CSF had no effect on the number polymorphonuclear cells in the milk but enhanced their inducible oxygen radical formation, and enhanced their phagocytosis. All cytokines were effective in preventing S. aureus infections (20-100%). 52% of all chronically infected mammary gland quarters treated with three doses of IL-2 responded to therapy and 32% of the treated quarters remained cured. 75% of all mammary glands treated with three doses of IL-1 beta responded to therapy by clearing the infection and 22% of the treated glands remained cured. These studies demonstrate that recombinant bovine cytokines can be used effectively to prevent infections as well as treat established chronic infection.
抗生素疗法对牛金黄色葡萄球菌性乳腺炎的疗效仅为中等。我们已使用重组牛细胞因子来激活天然宿主防御机制，以预防和治疗牛乳腺炎。向未感染的乳腺中注入粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）或白细胞介素-2（IL-2），可使乳汁中吞噬细胞的百分比增加2至3倍。白细胞介素-1（IL-1）可增加乳汁中多形核细胞的数量，增强其诱导性氧自由基的形成，且对吞噬作用无影响。用白细胞介素-2治疗可增加乳汁中多形核细胞的数量，增强其诱导性氧自由基的形成，并增强其吞噬作用。粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子对乳汁中多形核细胞的数量无影响，但可增强其诱导性氧自由基的形成，并增强其吞噬作用。所有细胞因子在预防金黄色葡萄球菌感染方面均有效（20%至100%）。用三剂白细胞介素-2治疗的所有慢性感染乳腺象限中，52%对治疗有反应，32%的治疗象限保持治愈状态。用三剂白细胞介素-1β治疗的所有乳腺中，75%通过清除感染对治疗有反应，22%的治疗乳腺保持治愈状态。这些研究表明，重组牛细胞因子可有效用于预防感染以及治疗已确立的慢性感染。
