Badley E M
Wellesley Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Disabil Rehabil. 1993 Oct-Dec;15(4):161-78. doi: 10.3109/09638289309166008.
This paper aims to introduce the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (ICIDH) and to set the scene for the forthcoming revision process. The consequences of diseases and disorders at the level of the body (impairment), the person (disability), and the person as a social being (handicap) are defined and described. Bearing in mind some of the controversies and confusions which have become apparent in attempts to apply the ICIDH since its publication in 1980, the distinctions between the different concepts are explored: namely, impairment--disability; impairment--functional limitation--disability; and between disability--handicap. The nature of the classification schemes for these concepts is described, together with some implications for methods of assessment. Finally, the contribution the ICIDH has made, and its potential uses are briefly reviewed.
本文旨在介绍《国际损伤、残疾和残障分类》（ICIDH），并为即将到来的修订过程做好铺垫。文中对疾病和紊乱在身体层面（损伤）、个体层面（残疾）以及作为社会人的层面（残障）所产生的后果进行了定义和描述。鉴于自1980年ICIDH发布以来，在应用该分类时出现了一些明显的争议和混淆，本文探讨了不同概念之间的区别：即损伤与残疾；损伤、功能受限与残疾；以及残疾与残障。文中描述了这些概念的分类方案的性质，以及对评估方法的一些影响。最后，简要回顾了ICIDH所做出的贡献及其潜在用途。
