Prochaska J O, DiClemente C C, Velicer W F, Rossi J S
Cancer Prevention Research Center, University of Rhode Island, Kingston 02881-0808.
Health Psychol. 1993 Sep;12(5):399-405. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.12.5.399.
Smokers (N = 756) were randomly assigned by stage of change to (a) standardized self-help manuals (ALA+ condition), (b) individualized manuals matched to stage (TTT condition), (c) interactive expert-system computer reports plus individualized manuals (ITT condition), or (d) a personalized condition with 4 counselor calls, stage manuals, and computer reports (PITT condition). Over 18 months, the ITT group's results more than doubled those of the ALA+ group on abstinence measures. The ALA+ and TTT conditions were equivalent over 12 months, but at 18 months the TTT condition was more effective. The ITT condition was the best or comparable with the best treatment at all follow-ups for smokers at all stages of change. Results suggest that an effective expert system has been developed, and discussion focuses on delivering this system to entire populations of smokers.
吸烟者（N = 756）根据行为改变阶段被随机分配到以下组：（a）标准化自助手册组（ALA+组），（b）与阶段匹配的个性化手册组（TTT组），（c）交互式专家系统计算机报告加个性化手册组（ITT组），或（d）有4次咨询师电话、阶段手册和计算机报告的个性化组（PITT组）。在18个月的时间里，ITT组在戒烟措施方面的结果比ALA+组的结果增加了一倍多。ALA+组和TTT组在12个月时效果相当，但在18个月时TTT组更有效。在行为改变各阶段的所有吸烟者的所有随访中，ITT组都是最佳治疗或与最佳治疗效果相当。结果表明已开发出一种有效的专家系统，讨论重点是将该系统推广至所有吸烟者群体。
