Isaksson B, Maller R, Nilsson L E, Nilsson M
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1993 Aug;32(2):215-22. doi: 10.1093/jac/32.2.215.
The postantibiotic effects (PAEs) of amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin and tobramycin on Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis were determined in vitro by a bioluminescence assay of bacterial ATP. Five strains of S. aureus and two strains of S. epidermidis were exposed for 1 h to varying concentrations of these aminoglycosides. Following removal of the antibiotics by dilution, bacterial regrowth was monitored at hourly intervals. The duration of the PAE increased with increasing aminoglycoside concentration. The mean PAEs for the five S. aureus strains ranged from 5-10 h at clinically achievable aminoglycoside concentrations (16-32 mg/L of amikacin and 4-8 mg/L of gentamicin, netilmicin and tobramycin). The results for one of the strains of S. epidermidis were similar to those observed for the S. aureus strains, while the PAEs on the other less susceptible S. epidermidis strain were shorter (0.5-2.5 h). For comparison, two of the S. aureus strains were exposed for 1 and 2 h to a range of concentrations of dicloxacillin (0.25-32 mg/L); this agent induced a much shorter PAE (0-2.3 h). It may be important to take account of the PAE when designing dosing regimens.
通过细菌ATP生物发光测定法在体外测定了阿米卡星、庆大霉素、奈替米星和妥布霉素对金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌的抗生素后效应（PAE）。将5株金黄色葡萄球菌和2株表皮葡萄球菌暴露于不同浓度的这些氨基糖苷类药物1小时。通过稀释去除抗生素后，每隔一小时监测细菌的再生长情况。PAE的持续时间随着氨基糖苷类药物浓度的增加而延长。在临床可达到的氨基糖苷类药物浓度（阿米卡星16 - 32mg/L，庆大霉素、奈替米星和妥布霉素4 - 8mg/L）下，5株金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的平均PAE为5 - 10小时。其中一株表皮葡萄球菌的结果与金黄色葡萄球菌菌株相似，而对另一株较不敏感的表皮葡萄球菌菌株的PAE较短（0.5 - 2.5小时）。作为比较，将2株金黄色葡萄球菌菌株暴露于一系列浓度的双氯西林（0.25 - 32mg/L）1小时和2小时；该药物诱导的PAE短得多（0 - 2.3小时）。在设计给药方案时考虑PAE可能很重要。
