James P A, Hossain F K, Lewis D A, White D G
Public Health Laboratory, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1993 Aug;32(2):239-46. doi: 10.1093/jac/32.2.239.
Minimum inhibitory concentrations of 13 beta-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin, amoxycillin, amoxycillin/clavulanate, imipenem, cefazolin, cefadroxil, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, cefepime, cefpirome, cefpodoxime and cefixime), were determined for 76 strains of beta-lactamase negative Haemophilus influenzae, isolated over a five year period (1985-1990) that gave reduced zones to cefuroxime on disc testing when compared to the control strain H. influenzae NCTC 11931. MIC90 values for all antibiotics (except imipenem) were approximately ten times higher than the MIC90 values for a susceptible control group. Increased resistance was not associated with any particular biotype, although three biotype III strains were highly resistant to imipenem. More than 50% of strains with reduced susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics were isolated from patients with chronic respiratory disease. Published data on the sputum concentration of each antibiotic were compared to the MIC90 values obtained for the susceptible and resistant strains.
测定了13种β-内酰胺类抗生素（氨苄西林、阿莫西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、亚胺培南、头孢唑林、头孢羟氨苄、头孢克洛、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟、头孢匹罗、头孢泊肟酯和头孢克肟）对76株β-内酰胺酶阴性流感嗜血杆菌的最低抑菌浓度。这些菌株是在1985年至1990年的五年期间分离得到的，与对照菌株流感嗜血杆菌NCTC 11931相比，在纸片试验中对头孢呋辛的抑菌圈减小。所有抗生素（亚胺培南除外）的MIC90值比敏感对照组的MIC90值高约10倍。尽管有3株生物型III菌株对亚胺培南高度耐药，但耐药性增加与任何特定生物型均无关联。对β-内酰胺类抗生素敏感性降低的菌株中，超过50%是从慢性呼吸道疾病患者中分离得到的。将每种抗生素痰液浓度的已发表数据与敏感和耐药菌株获得的MIC90值进行了比较。
