Mordkoff J T, Egeth H E
University of California, San Diego.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1993 Oct;19(5):981-91. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.19.5.981.
The interactive race model embodies 2 central claims: that divided attention is best described as a race between separately processed codes and that the 2 types of design contingency to which the model is sensitive affect different processing stages. Previous support for the model has come from a series of redundant-target tasks examining reaction time (RT) (J.T. Mordkoff & S. Yantis, 1991). We tested both central claims using near-threshold, accuracy tasks. This approach capitalizes on a known difference between RT and accuracy measures: that (in simple tasks) accuracy is sensitive only to perceptual manipulations, whereas RT is affected by both perceptual and postperceptual factors (J.L. Santee & H.E. Egeth, 1982). The results from 3 experiments provide converging support for the proposed loci of the 2 contingency-sensitive mechanisms within the interactive race model, as well as additional evidence concerning the differential sensitivities of RT and accuracy measures.
一是将分散注意力最好描述为分别处理的代码之间的竞争；二是该模型所敏感的两种设计偶然性会影响不同的处理阶段。此前对该模型的支持来自一系列考察反应时（RT）的冗余目标任务（J.T. 莫德科夫和S. 扬蒂斯，1991）。我们使用接近阈值的准确性任务对这两个核心主张进行了测试。这种方法利用了反应时和准确性测量之间的一个已知差异：即在简单任务中，准确性仅对感知操作敏感，而反应时则受感知和感知后因素的影响（J.L. 桑蒂和H.E. 埃格思，1982）。来自3个实验的结果为交互式竞争模型中两种偶然性敏感机制的假定位置提供了趋同的支持，同时也提供了关于反应时和准确性测量的差异敏感性的更多证据。
