Herd R P
Parasitology. 1976 Jun;72(3):325-34. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000049520.
The effects of complement and/or specific antibodies on the larval and adult stages of Echinococcus granulosus were studied in vitro. Lysis and death of both protoscoleces and adult E. granulosus occurred within 10 min to 24 h in 50% fresh normal sera used as a source of complement, without the presence of specific antibodies. The lytic and lethal reaction was marked in fresh sera from guinea-pigs, calves, dogs, man and sheep, but only slight in fresh sera from English rabbits and horses. Guinea-pig sera were shown to be complement deficient after reacting with worms and all reactions were abolished after sera had been heated to 56 degrees C for 30 min. Fluorescent antibody studies failed to detect host antibodies at the parasite tegument. It is suggested that activation of the complement system occurs via the alternate pathway, that it acts independently of the immune system and that it is lethal to a wide range of cestode parasites. In contrast, marked agglutination/precipitation reactions with protoscoleces and precipitation reactions with adult E. granulosus were observed after incubation in heat inactivated 50% canine antisera, but not in normal sera. The antigen-antibody nature of these reactions was established by fluorescent antibody studies and the areas of antibody attack pinpointed. In spite of these reactions, worms remained healthy and active over a period of 8 days.
在体外研究了补体和/或特异性抗体对细粒棘球绦虫幼虫和成虫阶段的影响。在用作补体来源的50%新鲜正常血清中，原头节和成虫细粒棘球绦虫在10分钟至24小时内发生裂解和死亡，此时不存在特异性抗体。豚鼠、小牛、狗、人及绵羊的新鲜血清中，这种裂解和致死反应明显，但英国兔子和马的新鲜血清中反应轻微。豚鼠血清与虫体反应后显示补体缺乏，血清加热至56℃ 30分钟后所有反应均消失。荧光抗体研究未能在寄生虫体表检测到宿主抗体。提示补体系统的激活通过替代途径发生，其作用独立于免疫系统，且对多种绦虫寄生虫具有致死性。相反，在热灭活的50%犬抗血清中孵育后，观察到与原头节的明显凝集/沉淀反应以及与成虫细粒棘球绦虫的沉淀反应，但在正常血清中未观察到。通过荧光抗体研究确定了这些反应的抗原-抗体性质，并确定了抗体攻击的部位。尽管有这些反应，但虫体在8天内仍保持健康和活跃。
