Sawyer D
Institute for the Study of Society, Population and Nature, Brasilia, DF Brazil.
Soc Sci Med. 1993 Nov;37(9):1131-6. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(93)90252-y.
The success or failure of colonization in frontier areas of Brazil is an important question because of the country's declared commitment to undertake agrarian reform. However, demographic analyses of settler populations in new frontier areas suggests that these areas are not retaining agricultural settlers, but attracting transient wage-labourers in ranching, mining, construction and entrepreneurial activities such as placer mining or small businesses. One reason for this trend is the high prevalence of endemic diseases such as malaria within frontier areas. High malaria prevalence interferes with the scope and stability of permanent, agricultural settlement and this imposes economic and social costs which extend far beyond immediate need for control and treatment of the disease.
由于巴西宣称致力于进行土地改革，其边疆地区殖民活动的成败是一个重要问题。然而，对新边疆地区定居者人口的人口统计学分析表明，这些地区并没有留住农业定居者，而是吸引了从事畜牧业、采矿业、建筑业以及诸如砂矿开采或小生意等创业活动的临时雇佣工人。这种趋势的一个原因是边疆地区疟疾等地方病的高流行率。高疟疾流行率干扰了永久性农业定居点的规模和稳定性，这带来了远远超出疾病控制和治疗直接需求的经济和社会成本。
