Maeland J G, Boonstra F
Nasjonalforeningens Hemil-senter, Universitetet i Bergen.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1993 Aug 30;113(20):2591-6.
The Municipal Health Services Act with amendments from 1988 defines environmental health promotion activities directed at physical, chemical, biological and social factors as mandatory for the local Norwegian health authorities. In addition, the municipal health services are responsible for health surveillance and for initiating cross-sectorial preventive measures. In 1991, we undertook a national survey among the Norwegian municipal health services to monitor planning activities, manpower resources, cross-sectorial cooperation, and project-oriented activities within the field of environmental health promotion. Less than one-third of the municipalities employed technically trained hygienic personnel. However, three of four municipalities had carried out some environmental health promotion projects within the last two years. The following factors were all independently related to level of environmental health promotion activity: the availability of technical assistance, the level of cross-sectorial cooperation and the size of the population in the municipality. We conclude that this area of health promotion should be improved by better planning, a higher level of technical hygienic competence within the municipal health services, more inter-sectorial cooperation and greater emphasis on visible projects of limited duration.
经1988年修订的《市政卫生服务法》规定，针对物理、化学、生物和社会因素开展的环境卫生促进活动是挪威地方卫生当局的一项强制性任务。此外，市政卫生服务部门负责健康监测并启动跨部门预防措施。1991年，我们在挪威市政卫生服务部门开展了一项全国性调查，以监测环境卫生促进领域的规划活动、人力资源、跨部门合作及项目导向型活动。不到三分之一的市政当局雇佣了受过专业技术培训的卫生人员。然而，四分之三的市政当局在过去两年内开展了一些环境卫生促进项目。以下因素均与环境卫生促进活动的水平独立相关：技术援助的可获得性、跨部门合作的水平以及市政当局的人口规模。我们得出结论，应通过更好的规划、提高市政卫生服务部门内技术卫生能力水平、加强部门间合作以及更加强调开展为期有限的显著项目，来改善这一健康促进领域。
