Bommer G, Schäfer H J, Klöppel G
Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol. 1976 Sep 21;371(3):227-41. doi: 10.1007/BF00433070.
The action of diazoxide, an antidiuretic agent, and diphenylhydantoin, an antiepileptic (DPH), both with strong hyperglycemic side effects on the pancreatic B cells, was examined by electron microscopy and cytochemistry, with the following findings. 1. Effects on secretory apparatus: the severe hyperglycemic syndrome following a single injection of diazoxide (200 mg/kg) or DPH (150 mg/kg) did not change the granularity of the B cells. Ultrastructurally a marked increase of lysosomal digestion of secretory granules (crinophagy) was observed in almost all B cells. Crinophagy may be regarded as a result of an impaired discharge of secretory granules during simultaneous maintenance of biosynthesis. It is also possible that changes of the electrophysical properties of the granule surfaces may play an additional role in crinophagy. 2. Effect on synthesizing apparatus: in B cells subtotally degranulated by the injection of anti-insulin serum (AIS), regranulation occurred more rapidly after the additional administration of diazoxide or DPH than without these compounds. This fact may imply that, under the hyperglycemic conditions tested, diazoxide or DPH have no effect on the synthesizing capacity of the B cells.
对具有抗利尿作用的二氮嗪和具有抗癫痫作用的苯妥英钠（DPH）进行了研究，二者对胰腺B细胞均有强烈的高血糖副作用，采用电子显微镜和细胞化学方法进行检测，结果如下。1. 对分泌装置的影响：单次注射二氮嗪（200mg/kg）或苯妥英钠（150mg/kg）后出现的严重高血糖综合征并未改变B细胞的颗粒度。超微结构观察发现，几乎所有B细胞中分泌颗粒的溶酶体消化（自噬性溶酶体消化）明显增加。自噬性溶酶体消化可被视为在生物合成同时维持过程中分泌颗粒释放受损的结果。分泌颗粒表面电物理性质的改变在自噬性溶酶体消化中也可能起额外作用。2. 对合成装置的影响：在注射抗胰岛素血清（AIS）使B细胞部分脱颗粒后，额外给予二氮嗪或苯妥英钠比未给予这些化合物时再颗粒化发生得更快。这一事实可能意味着，在测试的高血糖条件下，二氮嗪或苯妥英钠对B细胞的合成能力没有影响。
