van Mechelen W, Hlobil H, Kemper H C, Voorn W J, de Jongh H R
Department of Health Science, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Am J Sports Med. 1993 Sep-Oct;21(5):711-9. doi: 10.1177/036354659302100513.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a health education intervention on running injuries. The intervention consisted of information on, and the subsequent performance of, standardized warm-up, cool-down, and stretching exercises. Four hundred twenty-one male recreational runners were matched for age, weekly running distance, and general knowledge of preventing sports injuries. They were randomly split into an intervention and a control group: 167 control and 159 intervention subjects participated throughout the study. During the 16-week study, both groups kept a daily diary on their running distance and time, and reported all injuries. In addition, the intervention group was asked to note compliance with the standardized program. At the end of the study period, knowledge and attitude were again measured. There were 23 injuries in the control group and 26 in the intervention group. Injury incidence for control and intervention subjects was 4.9 and 5.5 running injuries per 1000 hours, respectively. The intervention was not effective in reducing the number of running injuries; it proved significantly effective (P < 0.05) in improving specific knowledge of warm-up and cool-down techniques in the intervention group. This positive change can perhaps be regarded as a first step on the way to a change of behavior, which may eventually lead to a reduction of running injuries.
本研究的目的是评估健康教育干预对跑步损伤的影响。该干预包括关于标准化热身、放松和伸展运动的信息以及随后的实践。421名男性业余跑步者在年龄、每周跑步距离和预防运动损伤的一般知识方面进行了匹配。他们被随机分为干预组和对照组：167名对照组和159名干预组受试者全程参与了研究。在为期16周的研究期间，两组都记录了每日跑步距离和时间，并报告了所有损伤情况。此外，干预组被要求记录对标准化方案的遵守情况。在研究期结束时，再次测量了知识和态度。对照组有23例损伤，干预组有26例损伤。对照组和干预组受试者的损伤发生率分别为每1000小时4.9次和5.5次跑步损伤。该干预在减少跑步损伤数量方面无效；但在提高干预组对热身和放松技术的具体知识方面被证明具有显著效果（P < 0.05）。这种积极变化或许可以被视为朝着行为改变迈出的第一步，而行为改变最终可能会导致跑步损伤的减少。
