Guedeney N
Service du Pr Ph. Jeammet, Unité de la Petite Enfance, Paris.
Ann Pediatr (Paris). 1993 Oct;40(8):496-502.
Maternal depression remains a public health problem as indicated by many studies focusing on depression in mothers of young children. Although the high prevalence of depression in mothers of infants and young children is now a recognized fact, the detection and management of maternal depression in everyday practice still raises significant problems. This initial review centers on studies providing diagnostic guidelines. The problem of maternal depression and of its impact on the offspring is relevant to the issue of how qualities, abilities, and vulnerabilities are transmitted from one generation to the next. Psychoanalysts, infant psychiatrists, and developmental psychologists show great interest in this field. The current review was restricted to recent Anglo-Saxon studies on depression-related changes in early maternal behavior. The most striking findings are as follows: although depression affects maternal behavior overall, there is considerable variation across mothers; timing alterations (in terms of micro and macro sequences) in mother-child interactions occur in every case and are among the obstacles to harmony and synchronization; subtle alterations in the mother's response to her baby's signals preclude flexibility and anticipation.
正如许多关注幼儿母亲抑郁症的研究所表明的那样，产后抑郁症仍然是一个公共卫生问题。尽管婴儿和幼儿母亲中抑郁症的高患病率如今已成为公认的事实，但在日常实践中对产后抑郁症的检测和管理仍然存在重大问题。这篇初步综述聚焦于提供诊断指南的研究。产后抑郁症问题及其对后代的影响与特质、能力和易感性如何代代相传这一问题相关。精神分析学家、婴儿精神科医生和发展心理学家对这一领域表现出极大兴趣。当前的综述限于近期关于早期母亲行为中与抑郁症相关变化的盎格鲁 - 撒克逊研究。最显著的发现如下：尽管抑郁症总体上会影响母亲行为，但不同母亲之间存在相当大的差异；母婴互动中的时间改变（从微观和宏观序列方面来看）在每种情况下都会发生，并且是和谐与同步的障碍之一；母亲对婴儿信号反应的细微改变会妨碍灵活性和预判能力。
