Resnick S M, Gottesman I I, McGue M
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-4283.
Behav Genet. 1993 Jul;23(4):323-9. doi: 10.1007/BF01067432.
Intrauterine hormones and position with respect to male and female littermates influence sexually dimorphic adult behavior in litter-bearing animals. Opposite-sex dizygotic twins offer the opportunity to examine analogous effects on sex-related human behaviors. To illustrate this approach, Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS) scores from 422 British twin pairs, including 51 opposite-sex pairs (Zuckerman, M., et al., J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 46:139-149, 1978), were reanalyzed. Zuckerman et al. (1978) have shown that some aspects of sensation seeking are consistently increased in males relative to females. In comparing age-adjusted data for opposite and same-sex twins, our reanalysis demonstrated the predicted increase in sensation seeking in female members of opposite-sex pairs. Results were significant for measures of disinhibition, experience seeking, and overall sensation seeking. In contrast, male opposite-sex twins were not significantly different from male same-sex twins. Although psychosocial explanations of the increased sensation seeking in opposite-sex female twins cannot be excluded, these finding are consistent with hypothesized in utero hormonal influences on later behavioral development.
在胎生动物中，子宫内的激素以及与同窝雄性和雌性幼崽的相对位置会影响成年后的两性异形行为。异性双卵双胞胎为研究对与性别相关的人类行为的类似影响提供了机会。为了说明这种方法，我们重新分析了422对英国双胞胎（包括51对异性双胞胎）的感觉寻求量表（SSS）得分（祖克曼，M.等人，《咨询与临床心理学杂志》46:139 - 149，1978年）。祖克曼等人（1978年）已经表明，相对于女性，男性在感觉寻求的某些方面一直有所增加。在比较异性和同性双胞胎的年龄调整数据时，我们的重新分析表明，异性双胞胎中的女性成员在感觉寻求方面出现了预期的增加。在去抑制、体验寻求和总体感觉寻求的测量中，结果具有显著性。相比之下，男性异性双胞胎与男性同性双胞胎没有显著差异。虽然不能排除对异性女性双胞胎感觉寻求增加的社会心理解释，但这些发现与子宫内激素对后期行为发展的假设影响是一致的。
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