Wiley D C, Ballard D J
Dept. of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, Southwest Texas State University, San Marcos 78666.
J Sch Health. 1993 Sep;63(7):291-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.1993.tb06146.x.
Families represent the fastest growing subgroup among the homeless in America. Most homeless families are headed by women who lack high school diplomas, have poor work skills, little job training, and are long-term users of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC). The average homeless family is comprised of two to three children, most of whom are younger than age five. These children suffer from a number of acute and chronic health problems. Once in school, these children often experience developmental and academic delays which increase the potential for school dropout. School districts must address the health and academic challenges these children bring to school. Measures include forming a community-based task force, working with homeless shelters in addressing needs of these families, increasing awareness of faculty and staff, and developing specific classroom/school environment strategies to encourage these children to succeed. Opportunities for involvement by teachers, counselors, and school nurses are noted, and seven strategies to help the homeless child in school are offered.
家庭是美国无家可归者中增长最快的亚群体。大多数无家可归家庭由女性当家，她们没有高中文凭，工作技能差，几乎没有接受过职业培训，并且长期依赖抚养儿童家庭援助（AFDC）。平均每个无家可归家庭有两到三个孩子，其中大多数年龄在五岁以下。这些孩子患有许多急性和慢性健康问题。一旦入学，这些孩子往往会出现发育和学业延迟，这增加了辍学的可能性。学区必须应对这些孩子给学校带来的健康和学业挑战。措施包括组建一个以社区为基础的特别工作组，与无家可归者收容所合作以满足这些家庭的需求，提高教职员工的认识，并制定具体的课堂/学校环境策略以鼓励这些孩子取得成功。文中提到了教师、辅导员和学校护士参与其中的机会，并提供了七种帮助无家可归儿童在学校取得成功的策略。
