Yaruss J S, Conture E G
Program in Communication Sciences and Disorders, Syracuse University, NY 13244-2280.
J Speech Hear Res. 1993 Oct;36(5):883-96. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3605.883.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between second formant (F2) transitions during the sound/syllable repetitions (SSRs) of young children who stutter and their predicted chronicity of stuttering. Subjects were 13 youngsters who stutter, who were divided into two groups based on their predicted chronicity of stuttering as measured by the Stuttering Prediction Instrument (SPI; Riley, 1984): a high-risk group, consisting of 7 boys (mean age = 50.6 months), and a low-risk group, consisting of 5 boys and 1 girl (mean age = 48.5 months). Each child was audio/videotape-recorded during a 30-minute conversational interaction with his or her mother. Ten SSRs per child were acoustically analyzed to identify differences in F2 transitions between the repeated (stuttered) and fluent (nonstuttered) portions of the words. Present findings are consistent with those of Stromsta (1965, 1986), who reported that children who stutter produce F2 transitions during stuttering that are nonmeasurable or missing or that differ in direction of movement from fluent transitions. However, there were no significant between-group differences in the frequency of occurrence of these "abnormal" F2 transitions, findings that are apparently inconsistent with Stromsta's results. The remaining measurable F2 transitions showed no significant between-group differences in the mean differences between stuttered and fluent F2 transitions for onset and offset frequencies, transition extents, and transition rates. Within both groups, significant positive correlations were found between stuttered and fluent F2 transitions for all acoustic measures except for transition durations, which were not significantly correlated for either high-risk or low-risk subjects. Within the low-risk group, stuttered F2 transitions were typically shorter than fluent transitions. Findings were taken to suggest that some elements of sound or segment prolongation may be present within the SSRs of children who stutter and who are considered to be at high risk for continuing to stutter, indicating that further study of selected aspects of F2 transitions during stuttering may provide useful clinical information for predicting the likelihood that a child will continue to stutter.
本研究的目的是考察口吃幼儿在声音/音节重复（SSR）过程中第二共振峰（F2）过渡与预测的口吃慢性程度之间的关系。研究对象为13名口吃儿童，根据口吃预测工具（SPI；Riley，1984）测量的口吃预测慢性程度，将他们分为两组：高危组，由7名男孩组成（平均年龄 = 50.6个月）；低危组，由5名男孩和1名女孩组成（平均年龄 = 48.5个月）。每个孩子在与母亲进行30分钟的对话互动期间进行了音频/视频录制。对每个孩子的10次SSR进行声学分析，以确定单词重复（口吃）部分和流畅（非口吃）部分之间F2过渡的差异。目前的研究结果与Stromsta（1965年、1986年）的研究结果一致，他报告说，口吃儿童在口吃时产生的F2过渡是不可测量的或缺失的，或者在运动方向上与流畅过渡不同。然而，这些“异常”F2过渡的出现频率在组间没有显著差异，这一结果显然与Stromsta的结果不一致。其余可测量的F2过渡在口吃和流畅F2过渡在起始频率、偏移频率、过渡范围和过渡速率方面的平均差异上，组间没有显著差异。在两组中，除了过渡持续时间外，所有声学测量的口吃和流畅F2过渡之间都发现了显著的正相关，对于高危或低危受试者，过渡持续时间均无显著相关性。在低危组中，口吃的F2过渡通常比流畅过渡短。研究结果表明，在被认为有持续口吃高风险的口吃儿童的SSR中，可能存在一些声音或音段延长的元素，这表明对口吃期间F2过渡的选定方面进行进一步研究可能为预测儿童继续口吃的可能性提供有用的临床信息。
