Waller P J, Faedo M
CSIRO Division of Animal Health, McMaster Laboratory, Glebe, N.S.W., Australia.
Vet Parasitol. 1993 Sep;49(2-4):285-97. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(93)90127-9.
Ninety-four species of fungi with known nematophagous activity were tested for their ability to reduce the number of infective larvae of sheep nematodes in faecal cultures, and also for their ability to produce nematode-attractant and nematocidal substances against these free-living stages under in vitro conditions. Reductions of infective larval numbers exceeding 80% were consistently recorded when 100-250 conidia g-1 faeces of various species from the genera Arthrobotrys, Geniculifera and Monacrosporium were used. Even concentrations as low as 10 conidia g-1 faeces resulted in a significant reduction in infective larval numbers compared to control cultures. This study demonstrates that whilst many fungal species exhibit nematophagous activity against a variety of free-living nematodes, few show efficient activity against the free-living stages of parasitic nematodes in the sheep faecal environment. For the most active, there were six species of Arthrobotrys, two species of Geniculifera and two species of Monacrosporium which showed comparable activity to the extensively studied species A. oligospora.
对94种已知具有捕食线虫活性的真菌进行了测试，检测它们在粪便培养物中减少绵羊线虫感染性幼虫数量的能力，以及在体外条件下针对这些自由生活阶段产生线虫引诱剂和杀线虫物质的能力。当使用来自节丛孢属、膝梗孢属和单顶孢属的各种真菌，以每克粪便100 - 250个分生孢子的浓度时，感染性幼虫数量持续减少超过80%。与对照培养物相比，即使低至每克粪便10个分生孢子的浓度也能显著减少感染性幼虫数量。这项研究表明，虽然许多真菌物种对多种自由生活线虫表现出捕食线虫活性，但在绵羊粪便环境中，很少有真菌对寄生线虫的自由生活阶段表现出高效活性。活性最高的有6种节丛孢属真菌、2种膝梗孢属真菌和2种单顶孢属真菌，它们的活性与广泛研究的少孢节丛孢菌相当。
